Arrival of carbapenem-hydrolyzing-oxacillinases in Acinetobacter baumannii in Bosnia and Herzegovina

• Published in: Infection, genetics and evolution genetics and evolution, 2018-03, Vol.58, p.192-198
• Main Authors: Petrović, Tanja, Uzunović, Selma, Barišić, Ivan, Luxner, Josefa, Grisold, Andrea, Zarfel, Gernot, Ibrahimagić, Amir, Jakovac, Sanja, Slaćanac, Domagoj, Bedenić, Branka
• Format: Article
• Language: English
• Subjects: Acinetobacter baumannii; Acinetobacter baumannii - drug effects; Acinetobacter baumannii - enzymology; Acinetobacter baumannii - genetics; Anti-Bacterial Agents - pharmacology; beta-Lactamases - genetics; beta-Lactamases - metabolism; Bosnia and Herzegovina; Carbapenem-hydrolyzing oxacillinases; Carbapenems - pharmacology; Drug Resistance, Bacterial; Genes, Bacterial; Genotype; Humans; Microbial Sensitivity Tests; OXA-23; OXA-40; Phylogeny; Resistance
• ISSN: 1567-1348; 1567-7257
• DOI: 10.1016/j.meegid.2017.12.021

Multidrug-resistant Acinetobacter baumannii (MDR-AB) is an important threat for critically ill patients. It can infect the respiratory tract, blood, soft tissues, urinary tract and central nervous system. Recently, carbapenem-resistance was observed in A. baumannii clinical isolates from Bosnia and Herzegovina. This prompted us to analyze these isolates with regards to genotypic diversity, antibiotic susceptibility and occurrence of acquired carbapenem resistance genes. Twelve carbapenem-resistant isolates were collected at a University hospital during two different periods of 2011 and 2015–2016: four isolates in 2011 and eight isolates 2015–2016 and compared to determine the dynamic changes in carbapenemase resistance mechanisms and population structure. All twelve isolates were positive for intrinsic blaOXA-51-like, nine for blaOXA-40-like and one for the blaOXA-23-like gene. ISAba1 was found upstream of blaOXA-51 in all and upstream of blaOXA-23-like gene in one isolate. Sequencing of the selected PCR products revealed the presence of OXA-72 β-lactamase (strain 1) and OXA-23 β-lactamase (strain 41). WGS of the selected isolate (AB 5) revealed the presence of blaOXA-72, chromosomal genes blaOXA-69 and blaADC. Moreover, the aac (3)-1a and aadA1 genes encoding aminoglycoside resistance, and sul1encoding sulphonamide resistance were identified. PFGE and rep-PCR revealed two clones containing highly similar isolates positive for OXA-40-like; one from 2011 and the other from 2015 to 2016. Implementation of hospital hygiene measures, screening of the patients on admission for carriage of MDR-AB, and the early and accurate detection, with restriction of antibiotic use should be recommended to control the spread of these important hospital pathogenes. To our knowledge, this is the first report of A. baumannii isolates producing carbapenem-hydrolyzing oxacillinases (CHDL) from Bosnia and Herzegovina. •Recently, carbapenem-resistance was observed in A. baumannii from Bosnia and Herzegovina.•This prompted us to analyze these isolates with regards to genotypic diversity, and antibiotic susceptibility.•Twelve carbapenem-resistant isolates were collected in University Hospital Mostar during two different periods: in 2011 and 2015-2016 and compared.•All twelve isolates were positive for intrinsic blaOXA-51-like, nine for blaOXA-40-like genes and one for the blaOXA-23-like gene.•Sequencing of the selected PCR products revealed the presence of OXA-72 β-lactamase and OXA-