Characterization and Genomic Analysis of Phage ascch28, a Phage of the Family Podoviridae Infecting Lactococcus lactis

Bacteriophage ascch28 infects dairy fermentation strains of Lactococcus lactis. This report describes characterization of ascch28 and its full genome sequence. Phage ascch28 has a prolate head, whiskers, and a short tail (C2 morphotype). This morphology and DNA hybridization to L. lactis phage P369...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:Applied and environmental microbiology 2008-06, Vol.74 (11), p.3453-3460
Main Authors: Kotsonis, Steven E, Powell, Ian B, Pillidge, Christopher J, Limsowtin, Gaetan KY, Hillier, Alan J, Davidson, Barrie E
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
Bacillus subtilis
Lactococcus lactis
Phage cp-1
Podoviridae
Streptococcus
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Summary:Bacteriophage ascch28 infects dairy fermentation strains of Lactococcus lactis. This report describes characterization of ascch28 and its full genome sequence. Phage ascch28 has a prolate head, whiskers, and a short tail (C2 morphotype). This morphology and DNA hybridization to L. lactis phage P369 DNA showed that ascch28 belongs to the P034 phage species, a group rarely encountered in the dairy industry. The burst size of ascch28 was found to be 121 c 18 PFU per infected bacterial cell after a latent period of 44 min. The linear genome (18,762 bp) contains 28 possible open reading frames (ORFs) comprising 90% of the total genome. The ORFs are arranged bidirectionally in recognizable functional modules. The genome contains 577 bp inverted terminal repeats (ITRs) and putatively eight promoters and four terminators. The presence of ITRs, a phage-encoded DNA polymerase, and a terminal protein that binds to the DNA, along with BLAST and morphology data, show that ascch28 more closely resembles streptococcal phage Cp-1 and the h29-like phages that infect Bacillus subtilis than it resembles common lactococcal phages. The sequence of this phage is the first published sequence of a P034 species phage genome.
ISSN:0099-2240
1098-5336