A 6-week warm-up injury prevention programme results in minimal biomechanical changes during jump landings: a randomized controlled trial

• Published in: Knee surgery, sports traumatology, arthroscopy : official journal of the ESSKA sports traumatology, arthroscopy : official journal of the ESSKA, 2018-10, Vol.26 (10), p.2942-2951
• Main Authors: Taylor, Jeffrey B., Ford, Kevin R., Schmitz, Randy J., Ross, Scott E., Ackerman, Terry A., Shultz, Sandra J.
• Format: Article
• Language: English
• Subjects: Adolescent; Anterior Cruciate Ligament Injuries - prevention & control; Athletes; Athletic Injuries - prevention & control; Biomechanical Phenomena; Biomechanics; Exercise Test; Female; Humans; Injury analysis; Injury prevention; Intervention; Knee; Landing; Leg; Ligaments; Lower Extremity; Male; Medicine; Medicine & Public Health; Movement; Orthopedics; Prevention; Prevention programs; Randomization; Range of Motion, Articular; Rotation; Sag; Three dimensional analysis; Training; Warm-Up Exercise
• ISSN: 0942-2056; 1433-7347
• DOI: 10.1007/s00167-018-4835-4

Purpose To examine the extent to which an ACL injury prevention programme modifies lower extremity biomechanics during single- and double-leg landing tasks in both the sagittal and frontal plane. It was hypothesized that the training programme would elicit improvements in lower extremity biomechanics, but that these improvements would be greater during a double-leg sagittal plane landing task than tasks performed on a single leg or in the frontal plane. Methods Ninety-seven competitive multi-directional sport athletes that competed at the middle- or high-school level were cluster randomized into intervention ( n  = 48, age = 15.4 ± 1.0 years, height = 1.7 ± 0.07 m, mass = 59.9 ± 11.0 kg) and control ( n  = 49, age = 15.7 ± 1.6 years, height = 1.7 ± 0.06 m, mass = 60.4 ± 7.7 kg) groups. The intervention group participated in an established 6-week warm-up-based ACL injury prevention programme. Three-dimensional biomechanical analyses of a double- (SAG-DL) and single-leg (SAG-SL) sagittal, and double- (FRONT-DL) and single-leg (FRONT-SL) frontal plane jump landing tasks were tested before and after the intervention. Peak angles, excursions, and external joint moments were analysed for group differences using 2 (group) × 4 (task) repeated measures MANOVA models of delta scores (post–pre-test value) ( α   6 weeks) to elicit meaningful biomechanical changes. Level of evidence I.