Usual nutrient intake adequacy among young, rural Zambian children

Inadequate nutrient intakes put children at risk for impaired growth and development. We described diet, usual intakes of energy and macro- and micronutrients and prevalence of nutrient intake adequacies among 4-8-year-old Zambian children. Children not yet in school and living in Mkushi District, C...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:British journal of nutrition 2018-01, Vol.119 (1), p.57-65
Main Authors: Caswell, Bess L, Talegawkar, Sameera A, Siamusantu, Ward, West, Keith P, Palmer, Amanda C
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
Adequacy
Age
Anemia
Caregivers
Children
Children & youth
Cognitive ability
Corn
Cyanocobalamin
Diet
Dietary intake
Eggs
Energy intake
Folic acid
Food
Food composition
Iron
Meals
Meat
Micronutrients
Nutrients
Nutrition research
Oils & fats
Public health
Tomatoes
Vegetable oils
Vitamin A
Vitamin B12
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Summary:Inadequate nutrient intakes put children at risk for impaired growth and development. We described diet, usual intakes of energy and macro- and micronutrients and prevalence of nutrient intake adequacies among 4-8-year-old Zambian children. Children not yet in school and living in Mkushi District, Central Province, Zambia were enrolled into an efficacy trial of pro-vitamin A biofortified maize. Children in the non-intervened arm were included in this analysis (n 202). Dietary intake data were collected by tablet-based 24-h recall on a monthly basis over the 6-month trial. Observed nutrient intakes were derived from reported food quantities, standard recipes and food composition tables. Usual nutrient intake distributions were modelled based on observed intakes. Prevalence of inadequacy was estimated by comparing the usual nutrient intake distribution to the nutrient requirement distribution. Frequency and quantity of consumption of commonly reported foods were described and key sources of energy and nutrients were identified. Median usual energy intake was 6422 kJ/d (1535 kcal/d). Most childrens' macronutrient intakes fell within recommended ranges (74-98 %). Estimated prevalences of inadequate intakes of Fe, folate, vitamin B12 and Ca were 25, 57, 76 and >99 %, respectively. Estimated prevalences of inadequacy for other micronutrients were low (0·1-2·2 %). Commonly consumed foods included maize, vegetable oil, tomatoes, rape leaves and small fish (>0·6 servings/d), whereas meat, eggs or dairy were rarely eaten (
ISSN:0007-1145
1475-2662
DOI:10.1017/S000711451700335X