Potential Role of Extracellular Vesicles in the Pathophysiology of Drug Addiction

Extracellular vesicles (EVs) are small vesicles secreted by cells and are known to carry sub-cellular components including microRNA, proteins, and lipids. Due to their ability to transport cargo between cells, EVs have been identified as important regulators of various pathophysiological conditions...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:Molecular neurobiology 2018-08, Vol.55 (8), p.6906-6913
Main Authors: Rao, P. S. S., O’Connell, Kelly, Finnerty, Thomas Kyle
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
Animals
Biomedical and Life Sciences
Biomedicine
Cannabinoids
Cell Biology
Cell interactions
Cell signaling
Cocaine
Drug abuse
Drug addiction
Drug dependence
Ethanol
Extracellular vesicles
Extracellular Vesicles - metabolism
Humans
Lipids
MicroRNAs
miRNA
Models, Biological
Neurobiology
Neurological diseases
Neurology
Neurosciences
Nicotine
Opioids
Proteins
Reviews
Secretion
Street Drugs - adverse effects
Substance-Related Disorders - metabolism
Substance-Related Disorders - physiopathology
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Summary:Extracellular vesicles (EVs) are small vesicles secreted by cells and are known to carry sub-cellular components including microRNA, proteins, and lipids. Due to their ability to transport cargo between cells, EVs have been identified as important regulators of various pathophysiological conditions and can therefore influence treatment outcomes. In particular, the significance of microRNAs in EV-mediated cell-cell communication is well-documented. While the influence of EVs and the cargo delivered by EVs has been extensively reviewed in other neurological disorders, the available literature on the potential role of EVs in the pathophysiology of drug addiction has not been reviewed. Hence, in this article, the known effects of commonly abused drugs (ethanol, nicotine, opiates, cocaine, and cannabinoids) on EV secretion have been reviewed. In addition, the potential role of drugs of abuse in affecting the delivery of EV-packaged microRNAs, and the subsequent impact on neuronal health and continued drug dependence, has been discussed.
ISSN:0893-7648
1559-1182
DOI:10.1007/s12035-018-0912-4