Potential of anti-inflammatory agents for treatment of atherosclerosis

Chronic inflammation is a central pathogenic mechanism of atherosclerosis induction and progression. Vascular inflammation is associated with accelerated onset of late atherosclerosis complications. Atherosclerosis-related inflammation is mediated by a complex cocktail of pro-inflammatory cytokines,...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:Experimental and molecular pathology 2018-04, Vol.104 (2), p.114-124
Main Authors: Chistiakov, Dimitry A., Melnichenko, Alexandra A., Grechko, Andrey V., Myasoedova, Veronika A., Orekhov, Alexander N.
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
Anti-inflammatory therapy
Atherosclerosis
Cardiovascular disease
Inflammation
Statins
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Summary:Chronic inflammation is a central pathogenic mechanism of atherosclerosis induction and progression. Vascular inflammation is associated with accelerated onset of late atherosclerosis complications. Atherosclerosis-related inflammation is mediated by a complex cocktail of pro-inflammatory cytokines, chemokines, bioactive lipids, and adhesion molecules, and blocking the key pro-atherogenic inflammatory mechanisms can be beneficial for treatment of atherosclerosis. Therapeutic agents that specifically target some of the atherosclerosis-related inflammatory mechanisms have been evaluated in preclinical and clinical studies. The most promising anti-inflammatory compounds for treatment of atherosclerosis include non-specific anti-inflammatory drugs, phospholipase inhibitors, blockers of major inflammatory cytokines, leukotrienes, adhesion molecules, and pro-inflammatory signaling pathways, such as CCL2-CCR2 axis or p38 MAPK pathway. Ongoing studies attempt evaluating therapeutic utility of these anti-inflammatory drugs for treatment of atherosclerosis. The obtained results are important for our understanding of atherosclerosis-related inflammatory mechanisms and for designing randomized controlled studies assessing the effect of specific anti-inflammatory strategies on cardiovascular outcomes. •Chronic inflammation plays an important role in cardiovascular disorders (CVDs).•Inflammatory signalling pathways are potential therapeutic targets for CVDs.•We discuss inhibitors of phospholipase A2, leukotrienes and CCL2-CCR2 pathway.•Anti-inflammatory agents may be beneficial against atherosclerosis.
ISSN:0014-4800
1096-0945
DOI:10.1016/j.yexmp.2018.01.008