Three‐dimensional plotted alginate fibers embedded with diclofenac and bone cells coated with chitosan for bone regeneration during inflammation

• Published in: Journal of biomedical materials research. Part A 2018-06, Vol.106 (6), p.1511-1521
• Main Authors: Lin, Hsin‐Yi, Chang, Tsang‐Wen, Peng, Tie‐Kun
• Format: Article
• Language: English
• Subjects: alginate; Alginates - chemistry; Alginic acid; Animals; Anti-Inflammatory Agents, Non-Steroidal - administration & dosage; Anti-Inflammatory Agents, Non-Steroidal - therapeutic use; Biocompatibility; Bone growth; Bone Regeneration - drug effects; bone tissue scaffolds; Chitosan; Chitosan - chemistry; Coated Materials, Biocompatible - chemistry; Coating effects; Coatings; Collagenase 3; Delayed-Action Preparations - chemistry; Diclofenac; Diclofenac - administration & dosage; Diclofenac - therapeutic use; Drug delivery systems; Effectiveness; Extracellular matrix; Fibers; Hydrogels; Inflammation; Inflammation - complications; Inflammation - drug therapy; inflammation inhibition; Interleukins; Macrophages; Mice; Nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs; Osteoblasts - cytology; Osteoblasts - drug effects; Protease inhibitors; Protective coatings; Proteins; RAW 264.7 Cells; Regeneration; Regeneration (physiology); Retention; Scaffolds; sustained drug release; Three dimensional printing; three‐dimensional plotting; Tissue Engineering; Tissue Scaffolds - chemistry; Viability
• ISSN: 1549-3296; 1552-4965
• DOI: 10.1002/jbm.a.36357

Alginate hydrogel fibers embedded with bone cells and diclofenac were coated with a layer of chitosan hydrogel and made into a porous scaffold by three‐dimensional (3D) printing for drug release and bone regeneration. It was hypothesized that the chitosan coating could improve the scaffold's drug retention and release properties and biocompatibility. Macrophage cells were stimulated and cocultured with the scaffold. Tests were conducted to show how the chitosan coating affected the scaffold's drug release efficacy and how the release efficacy affected the cellular activities of stimulated macrophages and bone cells. The bone cells encapsulated in the coated scaffold demonstrated good viability after the acidic/basic coating process. The coating improved the retention and release efficacy of diclofenac and hence significantly inhibited interleukin‐6 and tumor necrosis factor‐α secretion from macrophages (p