Seroprevalence and molecular characterization of Leishmania in dogs from an endemic area of zoonotic visceral leishmaniasis in Brazil

Visceral leishmaniasis (VL) can cause large-scale and tenacious epidemics with high fatality rates. Current seroprevalence and circulating Leishmania species were evaluated in dogs domiciled in the municipality of Sabará, a small historic and touristic city in the Brazilian state of Minas Gerais. A...

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Published in:International journal of veterinary science and medicine 2017-06, Vol.5 (1), p.70-74
Main Authors: Lopes, Josiane V., Michalsky, Érika M., Lara Silva, Fabiana de O., Lima, Ana Cristina V.M.R., de Avelar, Daniel M., da Costa, Ailton A. Junior, França-Silva, João C., Regina-Silva, Shara, Fortes-Dias, Consuelo L., Dias, Edelberto S.
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
bone marrow
Brazil
Canine visceral leishmaniasis
diagnostic techniques
DNA
Dogs
enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay
etiological agents
fluorescent antibody technique
Leishmania infantum
LnPCR
lymph nodes
Myeloculture
seroprevalence
Short Communication
spleen
surveys
visceral leishmaniasis
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Summary:Visceral leishmaniasis (VL) can cause large-scale and tenacious epidemics with high fatality rates. Current seroprevalence and circulating Leishmania species were evaluated in dogs domiciled in the municipality of Sabará, a small historic and touristic city in the Brazilian state of Minas Gerais. A total of 3926 dogs domiciled in seven different districts of Sabará were serologically tested for canine visceral leishmaniasis (CVL) by indirect enzyme-linked immunosorbent (ELISA) and immunofluorescence (IFA) assays, in a two-years census survey (2011–2012). The average positivity rate of canine infection was 3.4%. Three additional diagnostic tests – imprint/smear direct parasitological, molecular (LnPCR) and myeloculture – were performed in a random sample of fifty seropositive dogs composed of symptomatic (39) and asymptomatic (eleven) animals. LnPCR showed 100% of positivity for Leishmania DNA in, at least, one among four tissue samples tested (mesenteric lymph node, skin, spleen and bone marrow), independently of the clinical canine group. Higher and statistically equivalent positivity rates (98% and 96%) for Leishmania DNA were found in canine lymph node and spleen. Asymptomatic dogs showed expressive positivity rates in all three additional diagnostic techniques. Leishmania infantum was confirmed as the etiological agent of CVL in Sabará.
ISSN:2314-4599
2314-4599
DOI:10.1016/j.ijvsm.2017.02.002