Effects of grain leguminous crops on population and genetic variability of soil spore-forming bacteria with antibiosis activity

Spore-forming bacteria, one of the most important group of microorganisms with high antibiosis activity, are interesting for biological control. In this work, in a soil of the Sele Valley (southern Italy), spore-forming bacterial populations were evaluated in May and July 2006 during cultivation of...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:Journal of plant pathology 2007-12, Vol.89 (3), p.S34-S34
Main Authors: Campanile, F, Villecco, D, Del Galdo, A, Zaccardelli, M
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
Ascochyta
Cicer arietinum
Fusarium solani
Phoma
Rhizoctonia solani
Sclerotium rolfsii
Triticum aestivum
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Summary:Spore-forming bacteria, one of the most important group of microorganisms with high antibiosis activity, are interesting for biological control. In this work, in a soil of the Sele Valley (southern Italy), spore-forming bacterial populations were evaluated in May and July 2006 during cultivation of wheat and three leguminous crops (pea, faba bean and chickpea) and in November, during cultivation of fennel that followed the previous crops. Samples (three for each crop and time of collection) were collected from the first 20 cm of soil in proximity of the roots, sieved through 2 mm screens and, washed for 1 h in physiological solution. Ten-fold dilutions were made an aliquot of which was plated and incubated after treatment at 90 degree C for 10 min. The colonies counted were purified and tested for antibiosis activity against Fusarium solani, Rhizoctonia solani, Sclerotium rolfsii, Phoma sp. and Ascochyta spp. The bacterial isolates that showed antibiosis activity were then characterized for DNA polymorphism by M13-PCR. No difference in the number of soil spore-forming bacteria was observed among the four crops in May, whereas their number was higher (1.8 x 10 super(6) g super(-1) of fresh soil) from soil samples cultivated with chickpea collected in July. A high number of spore-forming bacteria collected during cultivation of wheat, leguminous crops and fennel, showed antibiosis activity against the test-ed fungi. Genetic variability of these potentially antagonistic bacteria was very high, in fact, 28 haplotypes were obtained on the whole.
ISSN:1125-4653