Cultivation of sweet sorghum (Sorghum bicolor (L.) Moench) and determination of its harvest time to make use as the raw material for fermentation, practiced during rainy season in dry land of Indonesia

We cultivated sweet sorghum cultivars - Wray, Keller and Rio - to confirm the feasibility of cultivation in dry land of Indonesia for monosodium glutamate (MSG) production. Stem yield of Wray was 4,790 ~ 6,593 g reciprocal square m. Sweet sorghum reached anthesis at 73 days after sowing (DAS) and wa...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:Plant production science 2004-01, Vol.7 (4), p.442-448
Main Authors: Tsuchihashi, N. (Ajinomoto Co. Inc., Kawasaki, Kanagawa (Japan). Central Research Labs.), Goto, Y
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
Agronomy. Soil science and plant productions
ARID ZONES
Biological and medical sciences
Crop yield
Cultivars
Cultivation
Dry land
FERMENTATION
Fundamental and applied biological sciences. Psychology
General agronomy. Plant production
Grain
Harvest time
HARVESTING DATE
INDONESIA
Monosodium glutamate
Rainy season
Sorghum
SORGHUM BICOLOR
Stems
Sugar
Sweet sorghum
Use of agricultural and forest wastes. Biomass use, bioconversion
WET SEASON
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Summary:We cultivated sweet sorghum cultivars - Wray, Keller and Rio - to confirm the feasibility of cultivation in dry land of Indonesia for monosodium glutamate (MSG) production. Stem yield of Wray was 4,790 ~ 6,593 g reciprocal square m. Sweet sorghum reached anthesis at 73 days after sowing (DAS) and was harvested 3.5 months after sowing. Stem length increased to 36 DAS, then rapidly to 320 cm by 80 DAS. Stem diameter reached 18 mm by 36 DAS. Stems enlarged for 1 month, then elongated. Thinning and weeding for 1 month after sowing produced heavy-stem plants with high yield because stem length and diameter determine stem volume and yield. Stem sugar weight increased after anthesis and reached a peak at 26-33 days after anthesis (DAA). Grain grew until 26 DAA and dried. It was harvestable after 30 DAA. Stem sugar content closely correlated with Brix indicating its value as an index of sugar in stem juice. Consequendy, the optimum harvest time is determined by measuring Brix after 30 DAA (103 DAS). Yields were highest in cv. Wray: stems (4,790 g reciprocal square m) and sugar (286 g reciprocal square m). The juice extraction rate was ca. 50% by single-step milling without imbibition water. Using imbibition water and multiple milling steps can provide more than 400 g reciprocal square m of sugar with a greater than 75% juice extraction ratio. Grain yield of other cultivars was similar to cv. Wray's 238 g reciprocal square m. Sweet sorghum could be cultivated on dry land in the rainy season.
ISSN:1343-943X
1349-1008
DOI:10.1626/pps.7.442