Sepsis-Induced T Cell Immunoparalysis: The Ins and Outs of Impaired T Cell Immunity

Sepsis results in a deluge of pro- and anti-inflammatory cytokines, leading to lymphopenia and chronic immunoparalysis. Sepsis-induced long-lasting immunoparalysis is defined, in part, by impaired CD4 and CD8 αβ T cell responses in the postseptic environment. The dysfunction in T cell immunity affec...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:The Journal of immunology (1950) 2018-03, Vol.200 (5), p.1543-1553
Main Authors: Jensen, Isaac J, Sjaastad, Frances V, Griffith, Thomas S, Badovinac, Vladimir P
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
Animals
CD4 antigen
CD8 antigen
Cytokines
Cytokines - immunology
Effector cells
Humans
Immunity
Immunological memory
Inflammation
Inflammation - immunology
Lymphocytes
Lymphocytes T
Lymphopenia
Lymphopenia - immunology
Memory cells
Sepsis
Sepsis - immunology
T cell receptors
T-Lymphocytes - immunology
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Summary:Sepsis results in a deluge of pro- and anti-inflammatory cytokines, leading to lymphopenia and chronic immunoparalysis. Sepsis-induced long-lasting immunoparalysis is defined, in part, by impaired CD4 and CD8 αβ T cell responses in the postseptic environment. The dysfunction in T cell immunity affects naive, effector, and memory T cells and is not restricted to classical αβ T cells. Although sepsis-induced severe and transient lymphopenia is a contributory factor to diminished T cell immunity, T cell-intrinsic and -extrinsic factors/mechanisms also contribute to impaired T cell function. In this review, we summarize the current knowledge of how sepsis quantitatively and qualitatively impairs CD4 and CD8 T cell immunity of classical and nonclassical T cell subsets and discuss current therapeutic approaches being developed to boost the recovery of T cell immunity postsepsis induction.
ISSN:0022-1767
1550-6606
DOI:10.4049/jimmunol.1701618