Evaluation of Low-Temperature Phosphine Fumigation for Control of Oriental Fruit Fly in Loquat Fruit

Oriental fruit fly, Bactrocera dorsalis (Hendel; Diptera: Tephritidae), is recognized as a quarantine pest and a threat to Chinese loquat (Eriobotrya japonica Lindl.) fruit exports. Since loquat fruit is very sensitive to methyl bromide (MB) fumigation and cold treatment, in this study, low-temperat...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:Journal of economic entomology 2018-05, Vol.111 (3), p.1165-1170
Main Authors: Liu, Tao, Li, Li, Li, Baishu, Zhan, Guoping, Wang, Yuejin
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
Acidity
Animals
Bactrocera dorsalis
Cold
Cold Temperature
COMMODITY TREATMENT AND QUARANTINE ENTOMOLOGY
Entomology
Eriobotrya
Experiments
Firmness
Food irradiation
Fruit
Fruit flies
Fruits
Fumigation
Fumigation - methods
Insect Control - methods
Insecticides
Insects
Instars
Invasive insects
Laboratories
Larva - growth & development
Larvae
Liu, Timothy
loquat fruit
Low temperature
low-temperature phosphine fumigation
Methyl bromide
Phosphine
Phosphines
postharvest quality
Quarantine
Temperature effects
Tephritidae - growth & development
Test procedures
Toxicity
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Summary:Oriental fruit fly, Bactrocera dorsalis (Hendel; Diptera: Tephritidae), is recognized as a quarantine pest and a threat to Chinese loquat (Eriobotrya japonica Lindl.) fruit exports. Since loquat fruit is very sensitive to methyl bromide (MB) fumigation and cold treatment, in this study, low-temperature phosphine (PH3) fumigation was investigated to develop an alternative phytosanitary treatment method. Tolerance tests showed that the third instar was the most tolerant of all life stages of B dorsalis to PH3 gas at 8°C.Toxicity assay with 500–3000 ppm PH3 and subsequent probit analysis showed that 2000 ppm PH3 was optimal for fumigation and 152.75 h of treatment duration were required to achieve 99.9968% mortality. In the verification test, 144 and 168 h of treatment duration with 2000 ppm PH3 completely killed 35,277 and 35,134 B. dorsalis third instars, respectively. However, 13 live larvae were found after 120 h of treatment. Furthermore, these treatments reduced fruit respiration rates while causing no adverse effects on other fruit quality parameters, including firmness, soluble solid content, and titratable acidity over 192 h storage at 8°C. The results strongly suggest that low-temperature PH3 fumigation could be used for the postharvest control of B. dorsalis in loquat fruit.
ISSN:0022-0493
1938-291X
DOI:10.1093/jee/toy029