Loading…
Triggers of apoptosis in the immature brain
Abstract Apoptosis occurs physiologically in the mammalian brain during the period of the growth spurt, which in human starts in the 3rd trimester of gestation and ends by the third year of life. Environmental factors can interact with programmed cell death mechanisms to increase the number of neuro...
Saved in:
Published in: | Brain & development (Tokyo. 1979) 2009-08, Vol.31 (7), p.488-492 |
---|---|
Main Author: | |
Format: | Article |
Language: | English |
Subjects: | |
Citations: | Items that this one cites Items that cite this one |
Online Access: | Get full text |
Tags: |
Add Tag
No Tags, Be the first to tag this record!
|
cited_by | cdi_FETCH-LOGICAL-c596t-ee194b8e98ad1b2f570c9c4d7d237c5805f9ffbabd14a752cc38ba088084a1943 |
---|---|
cites | cdi_FETCH-LOGICAL-c596t-ee194b8e98ad1b2f570c9c4d7d237c5805f9ffbabd14a752cc38ba088084a1943 |
container_end_page | 492 |
container_issue | 7 |
container_start_page | 488 |
container_title | Brain & development (Tokyo. 1979) |
container_volume | 31 |
creator | Ikonomidou, Chrysanthy |
description | Abstract Apoptosis occurs physiologically in the mammalian brain during the period of the growth spurt, which in human starts in the 3rd trimester of gestation and ends by the third year of life. Environmental factors can interact with programmed cell death mechanisms to increase the number of neurons undergoing apoptosis and thus produce neuropathological sequelae in the brain. In a series of studies it could be shown that classes of drugs which block N-methyl- d -aspartate (NMDA) glutamate receptors, promote γ-aminobutyric-acid (GABAA ) receptor activation or block voltage gated sodium channels, when administered to immature rodents during the period of the brain growth spurt, trigger widespread apoptotic neurodegeneration throughout the developing brain. Studies have also shown that short exposures to non-physiologic oxygen levels can trigger apoptotic neurodegeneration in the brains of infant rodents. Pathomechanisms involved in the proapoptotic action of sedative and anticonvulsant drugs and oxygen include decreased expression of neurotrophins, inactivation of survival signaling proteins, activation of inflammatory cytokines as well as oxidative stress. These findings raise concerns pertaining to the treatment of infants and young children with sedative and anticonvulsant drugs and premature infants with oxygen. The experimental findings imply that new approaches should be developed for patients within these vulnerable age groups. |
doi_str_mv | 10.1016/j.braindev.2009.02.006 |
format | article |
fullrecord | <record><control><sourceid>proquest_cross</sourceid><recordid>TN_cdi_proquest_miscellaneous_20094135</recordid><sourceformat>XML</sourceformat><sourcesystem>PC</sourcesystem><els_id>1_s2_0_S0387760409000771</els_id><sourcerecordid>20094135</sourcerecordid><originalsourceid>FETCH-LOGICAL-c596t-ee194b8e98ad1b2f570c9c4d7d237c5805f9ffbabd14a752cc38ba088084a1943</originalsourceid><addsrcrecordid>eNqFkUtPwzAQhC0EoqXwF6qcuKCEdV52LghU8ZKQOFDOluNsikte2Eml_nuctgiJC6e9zOzsfkPInEJAgabX6yA3UjcFboIQIAsgDADSIzKlnIU-oxE9JlOIOPNZCvGEnFm7BgAaUjglE5pFwIDRKblaGr1aobFeW3qya7u-tdp6uvH6D_R0Xct-MOjtws7JSSkrixeHOSPvD_fLxZP_8vr4vLh78VWSpb2PSLM455hxWdA8LBMGKlNxwYowYirhkJRZWeYyL2gsWRIqFfFcAufAY-ms0Yxc7vd2pv0a0Pai1lZhVckG28GK8eGYRokTpnuhMq21BkvRGV1LsxUUxIhJrMUPpp1LQCgcJmecHxKGvMbi13bg4gS3ewG6PzcajbBKY6Ow0AZVL4pW_59x82eFqnSjlaw-cYt23Q6mcRQFFdYZxNtY1tgVZK4n5m74BnQ2kFU</addsrcrecordid><sourcetype>Aggregation Database</sourcetype><iscdi>true</iscdi><recordtype>article</recordtype><pqid>20094135</pqid></control><display><type>article</type><title>Triggers of apoptosis in the immature brain</title><source>ScienceDirect Freedom Collection 2022-2024</source><creator>Ikonomidou, Chrysanthy</creator><creatorcontrib>Ikonomidou, Chrysanthy</creatorcontrib><description>Abstract Apoptosis occurs physiologically in the mammalian brain during the period of the growth spurt, which in human starts in the 3rd trimester of gestation and ends by the third year of life. Environmental factors can interact with programmed cell death mechanisms to increase the number of neurons undergoing apoptosis and thus produce neuropathological sequelae in the brain. In a series of studies it could be shown that classes of drugs which block N-methyl- d -aspartate (NMDA) glutamate receptors, promote γ-aminobutyric-acid (GABAA ) receptor activation or block voltage gated sodium channels, when administered to immature rodents during the period of the brain growth spurt, trigger widespread apoptotic neurodegeneration throughout the developing brain. Studies have also shown that short exposures to non-physiologic oxygen levels can trigger apoptotic neurodegeneration in the brains of infant rodents. Pathomechanisms involved in the proapoptotic action of sedative and anticonvulsant drugs and oxygen include decreased expression of neurotrophins, inactivation of survival signaling proteins, activation of inflammatory cytokines as well as oxidative stress. These findings raise concerns pertaining to the treatment of infants and young children with sedative and anticonvulsant drugs and premature infants with oxygen. The experimental findings imply that new approaches should be developed for patients within these vulnerable age groups.</description><identifier>ISSN: 0387-7604</identifier><identifier>EISSN: 1872-7131</identifier><identifier>DOI: 10.1016/j.braindev.2009.02.006</identifier><identifier>PMID: 19307071</identifier><language>eng</language><publisher>Netherlands: Elsevier B.V</publisher><subject>Animals ; Anticonvulsants - pharmacology ; Antiepileptic drugs ; Apoptosis - drug effects ; Apoptosis - physiology ; Brain - cytology ; Brain - drug effects ; Brain - growth & development ; Brain - physiology ; Cell Proliferation - drug effects ; Cytokines - metabolism ; Development ; Environment ; Ethanol - toxicity ; GABA-A Receptor Agonists ; Humans ; Hypnotics and Sedatives - pharmacology ; Nerve Degeneration - chemically induced ; Nerve Growth Factors - metabolism ; Neurology ; Neurons - drug effects ; Neurons - physiology ; Neuroprotective Agents - pharmacology ; Oxidative Stress - drug effects ; Oxidative Stress - physiology ; Oxygen ; Oxygen - metabolism ; Oxygen - toxicity ; Receptors, N-Methyl-D-Aspartate - antagonists & inhibitors ; Sedative drugs ; Sodium Channel Blockers - pharmacology</subject><ispartof>Brain & development (Tokyo. 1979), 2009-08, Vol.31 (7), p.488-492</ispartof><rights>Elsevier B.V.</rights><rights>2009 Elsevier B.V.</rights><lds50>peer_reviewed</lds50><woscitedreferencessubscribed>false</woscitedreferencessubscribed><citedby>FETCH-LOGICAL-c596t-ee194b8e98ad1b2f570c9c4d7d237c5805f9ffbabd14a752cc38ba088084a1943</citedby><cites>FETCH-LOGICAL-c596t-ee194b8e98ad1b2f570c9c4d7d237c5805f9ffbabd14a752cc38ba088084a1943</cites></display><links><openurl>$$Topenurl_article</openurl><openurlfulltext>$$Topenurlfull_article</openurlfulltext><thumbnail>$$Tsyndetics_thumb_exl</thumbnail><link.rule.ids>314,780,784,27924,27925</link.rule.ids><backlink>$$Uhttps://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/19307071$$D View this record in MEDLINE/PubMed$$Hfree_for_read</backlink></links><search><creatorcontrib>Ikonomidou, Chrysanthy</creatorcontrib><title>Triggers of apoptosis in the immature brain</title><title>Brain & development (Tokyo. 1979)</title><addtitle>Brain Dev</addtitle><description>Abstract Apoptosis occurs physiologically in the mammalian brain during the period of the growth spurt, which in human starts in the 3rd trimester of gestation and ends by the third year of life. Environmental factors can interact with programmed cell death mechanisms to increase the number of neurons undergoing apoptosis and thus produce neuropathological sequelae in the brain. In a series of studies it could be shown that classes of drugs which block N-methyl- d -aspartate (NMDA) glutamate receptors, promote γ-aminobutyric-acid (GABAA ) receptor activation or block voltage gated sodium channels, when administered to immature rodents during the period of the brain growth spurt, trigger widespread apoptotic neurodegeneration throughout the developing brain. Studies have also shown that short exposures to non-physiologic oxygen levels can trigger apoptotic neurodegeneration in the brains of infant rodents. Pathomechanisms involved in the proapoptotic action of sedative and anticonvulsant drugs and oxygen include decreased expression of neurotrophins, inactivation of survival signaling proteins, activation of inflammatory cytokines as well as oxidative stress. These findings raise concerns pertaining to the treatment of infants and young children with sedative and anticonvulsant drugs and premature infants with oxygen. The experimental findings imply that new approaches should be developed for patients within these vulnerable age groups.</description><subject>Animals</subject><subject>Anticonvulsants - pharmacology</subject><subject>Antiepileptic drugs</subject><subject>Apoptosis - drug effects</subject><subject>Apoptosis - physiology</subject><subject>Brain - cytology</subject><subject>Brain - drug effects</subject><subject>Brain - growth & development</subject><subject>Brain - physiology</subject><subject>Cell Proliferation - drug effects</subject><subject>Cytokines - metabolism</subject><subject>Development</subject><subject>Environment</subject><subject>Ethanol - toxicity</subject><subject>GABA-A Receptor Agonists</subject><subject>Humans</subject><subject>Hypnotics and Sedatives - pharmacology</subject><subject>Nerve Degeneration - chemically induced</subject><subject>Nerve Growth Factors - metabolism</subject><subject>Neurology</subject><subject>Neurons - drug effects</subject><subject>Neurons - physiology</subject><subject>Neuroprotective Agents - pharmacology</subject><subject>Oxidative Stress - drug effects</subject><subject>Oxidative Stress - physiology</subject><subject>Oxygen</subject><subject>Oxygen - metabolism</subject><subject>Oxygen - toxicity</subject><subject>Receptors, N-Methyl-D-Aspartate - antagonists & inhibitors</subject><subject>Sedative drugs</subject><subject>Sodium Channel Blockers - pharmacology</subject><issn>0387-7604</issn><issn>1872-7131</issn><fulltext>true</fulltext><rsrctype>article</rsrctype><creationdate>2009</creationdate><recordtype>article</recordtype><recordid>eNqFkUtPwzAQhC0EoqXwF6qcuKCEdV52LghU8ZKQOFDOluNsikte2Eml_nuctgiJC6e9zOzsfkPInEJAgabX6yA3UjcFboIQIAsgDADSIzKlnIU-oxE9JlOIOPNZCvGEnFm7BgAaUjglE5pFwIDRKblaGr1aobFeW3qya7u-tdp6uvH6D_R0Xct-MOjtws7JSSkrixeHOSPvD_fLxZP_8vr4vLh78VWSpb2PSLM455hxWdA8LBMGKlNxwYowYirhkJRZWeYyL2gsWRIqFfFcAufAY-ms0Yxc7vd2pv0a0Pai1lZhVckG28GK8eGYRokTpnuhMq21BkvRGV1LsxUUxIhJrMUPpp1LQCgcJmecHxKGvMbi13bg4gS3ewG6PzcajbBKY6Ow0AZVL4pW_59x82eFqnSjlaw-cYt23Q6mcRQFFdYZxNtY1tgVZK4n5m74BnQ2kFU</recordid><startdate>20090801</startdate><enddate>20090801</enddate><creator>Ikonomidou, Chrysanthy</creator><general>Elsevier B.V</general><scope>CGR</scope><scope>CUY</scope><scope>CVF</scope><scope>ECM</scope><scope>EIF</scope><scope>NPM</scope><scope>AAYXX</scope><scope>CITATION</scope><scope>7TK</scope></search><sort><creationdate>20090801</creationdate><title>Triggers of apoptosis in the immature brain</title><author>Ikonomidou, Chrysanthy</author></sort><facets><frbrtype>5</frbrtype><frbrgroupid>cdi_FETCH-LOGICAL-c596t-ee194b8e98ad1b2f570c9c4d7d237c5805f9ffbabd14a752cc38ba088084a1943</frbrgroupid><rsrctype>articles</rsrctype><prefilter>articles</prefilter><language>eng</language><creationdate>2009</creationdate><topic>Animals</topic><topic>Anticonvulsants - pharmacology</topic><topic>Antiepileptic drugs</topic><topic>Apoptosis - drug effects</topic><topic>Apoptosis - physiology</topic><topic>Brain - cytology</topic><topic>Brain - drug effects</topic><topic>Brain - growth & development</topic><topic>Brain - physiology</topic><topic>Cell Proliferation - drug effects</topic><topic>Cytokines - metabolism</topic><topic>Development</topic><topic>Environment</topic><topic>Ethanol - toxicity</topic><topic>GABA-A Receptor Agonists</topic><topic>Humans</topic><topic>Hypnotics and Sedatives - pharmacology</topic><topic>Nerve Degeneration - chemically induced</topic><topic>Nerve Growth Factors - metabolism</topic><topic>Neurology</topic><topic>Neurons - drug effects</topic><topic>Neurons - physiology</topic><topic>Neuroprotective Agents - pharmacology</topic><topic>Oxidative Stress - drug effects</topic><topic>Oxidative Stress - physiology</topic><topic>Oxygen</topic><topic>Oxygen - metabolism</topic><topic>Oxygen - toxicity</topic><topic>Receptors, N-Methyl-D-Aspartate - antagonists & inhibitors</topic><topic>Sedative drugs</topic><topic>Sodium Channel Blockers - pharmacology</topic><toplevel>peer_reviewed</toplevel><toplevel>online_resources</toplevel><creatorcontrib>Ikonomidou, Chrysanthy</creatorcontrib><collection>Medline</collection><collection>MEDLINE</collection><collection>MEDLINE (Ovid)</collection><collection>MEDLINE</collection><collection>MEDLINE</collection><collection>PubMed</collection><collection>CrossRef</collection><collection>Neurosciences Abstracts</collection><jtitle>Brain & development (Tokyo. 1979)</jtitle></facets><delivery><delcategory>Remote Search Resource</delcategory><fulltext>fulltext</fulltext></delivery><addata><au>Ikonomidou, Chrysanthy</au><format>journal</format><genre>article</genre><ristype>JOUR</ristype><atitle>Triggers of apoptosis in the immature brain</atitle><jtitle>Brain & development (Tokyo. 1979)</jtitle><addtitle>Brain Dev</addtitle><date>2009-08-01</date><risdate>2009</risdate><volume>31</volume><issue>7</issue><spage>488</spage><epage>492</epage><pages>488-492</pages><issn>0387-7604</issn><eissn>1872-7131</eissn><abstract>Abstract Apoptosis occurs physiologically in the mammalian brain during the period of the growth spurt, which in human starts in the 3rd trimester of gestation and ends by the third year of life. Environmental factors can interact with programmed cell death mechanisms to increase the number of neurons undergoing apoptosis and thus produce neuropathological sequelae in the brain. In a series of studies it could be shown that classes of drugs which block N-methyl- d -aspartate (NMDA) glutamate receptors, promote γ-aminobutyric-acid (GABAA ) receptor activation or block voltage gated sodium channels, when administered to immature rodents during the period of the brain growth spurt, trigger widespread apoptotic neurodegeneration throughout the developing brain. Studies have also shown that short exposures to non-physiologic oxygen levels can trigger apoptotic neurodegeneration in the brains of infant rodents. Pathomechanisms involved in the proapoptotic action of sedative and anticonvulsant drugs and oxygen include decreased expression of neurotrophins, inactivation of survival signaling proteins, activation of inflammatory cytokines as well as oxidative stress. These findings raise concerns pertaining to the treatment of infants and young children with sedative and anticonvulsant drugs and premature infants with oxygen. The experimental findings imply that new approaches should be developed for patients within these vulnerable age groups.</abstract><cop>Netherlands</cop><pub>Elsevier B.V</pub><pmid>19307071</pmid><doi>10.1016/j.braindev.2009.02.006</doi><tpages>5</tpages></addata></record> |
fulltext | fulltext |
identifier | ISSN: 0387-7604 |
ispartof | Brain & development (Tokyo. 1979), 2009-08, Vol.31 (7), p.488-492 |
issn | 0387-7604 1872-7131 |
language | eng |
recordid | cdi_proquest_miscellaneous_20094135 |
source | ScienceDirect Freedom Collection 2022-2024 |
subjects | Animals Anticonvulsants - pharmacology Antiepileptic drugs Apoptosis - drug effects Apoptosis - physiology Brain - cytology Brain - drug effects Brain - growth & development Brain - physiology Cell Proliferation - drug effects Cytokines - metabolism Development Environment Ethanol - toxicity GABA-A Receptor Agonists Humans Hypnotics and Sedatives - pharmacology Nerve Degeneration - chemically induced Nerve Growth Factors - metabolism Neurology Neurons - drug effects Neurons - physiology Neuroprotective Agents - pharmacology Oxidative Stress - drug effects Oxidative Stress - physiology Oxygen Oxygen - metabolism Oxygen - toxicity Receptors, N-Methyl-D-Aspartate - antagonists & inhibitors Sedative drugs Sodium Channel Blockers - pharmacology |
title | Triggers of apoptosis in the immature brain |
url | http://sfxeu10.hosted.exlibrisgroup.com/loughborough?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&ctx_tim=2025-01-01T18%3A55%3A43IST&url_ver=Z39.88-2004&url_ctx_fmt=infofi/fmt:kev:mtx:ctx&rfr_id=info:sid/primo.exlibrisgroup.com:primo3-Article-proquest_cross&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.atitle=Triggers%20of%20apoptosis%20in%20the%20immature%20brain&rft.jtitle=Brain%20&%20development%20(Tokyo.%201979)&rft.au=Ikonomidou,%20Chrysanthy&rft.date=2009-08-01&rft.volume=31&rft.issue=7&rft.spage=488&rft.epage=492&rft.pages=488-492&rft.issn=0387-7604&rft.eissn=1872-7131&rft_id=info:doi/10.1016/j.braindev.2009.02.006&rft_dat=%3Cproquest_cross%3E20094135%3C/proquest_cross%3E%3Cgrp_id%3Ecdi_FETCH-LOGICAL-c596t-ee194b8e98ad1b2f570c9c4d7d237c5805f9ffbabd14a752cc38ba088084a1943%3C/grp_id%3E%3Coa%3E%3C/oa%3E%3Curl%3E%3C/url%3E&rft_id=info:oai/&rft_pqid=20094135&rft_id=info:pmid/19307071&rfr_iscdi=true |