Muscle-strengthening and aerobic activities and mortality among 3+ year cancer survivors in the U.S

Purpose This study examined the association between adherence to American College of Sports Medicine and American Cancer Society guidelines on aerobic and muscle-strengthening activities and mortality risks among 3+ year cancer survivors in the U.S. Methods The observational study was based on 1999–...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:Cancer causes & control 2018-05, Vol.29 (4/5), p.475-484
Main Authors: Tarasenko, Yelena N., Linder, Daniel F., Miller, Eric A.
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
Biomedical and Life Sciences
Biomedicine
Cancer
Cancer Research
Cardiovascular disease
Cardiovascular diseases
Epidemiology
Guidelines
Hazards
Health hazards
Health risk assessment
Health risks
Hematology
Mortality
Muscles
Oncology
ORIGINAL PAPER
Physical activity
Physical fitness
Public Health
Sports medicine
Statistical analysis
Statistical models
Statistical tests
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Summary:Purpose This study examined the association between adherence to American College of Sports Medicine and American Cancer Society guidelines on aerobic and muscle-strengthening activities and mortality risks among 3+ year cancer survivors in the U.S. Methods The observational study was based on 1999–2009 National Health Interview Survey Linked Mortality Files with follow-up through 2011. After applying exclusion criteria, there were 13,997 observations. The hazard ratios (HRs) for meeting recommendations on muscle-strengthening activities only, on aerobic activities only, and on both types of physical activity (i.e., adhering to complete guidelines) were calculated using a reference group of cancer survivors engaging in neither. Unadjusted and adjusted HRs of all-cause, cancer-specific, and cardiovascular disease-specific mortalities were estimated using Cox proportional hazards models. Results In all models, compared to the reference group, cancer survivors adhering to complete guidelines had significantly decreased all-cause, cancer-specific, and cardiovascular disease-specific mortalities (HRs ranged from 0.37 to 0.64, p ’s  0.05). Wald test statistics suggested a significant dose–response relationship between levels of adherence to complete guidelines and cancer-specific mortality. Conclusions While muscle-strengthening activities by themselves do not appear to reduce mortality risks, such activities may provide added cancer-specific survival benefits to 3+ year cancer survivors who are already aerobically active.
ISSN:0957-5243
1573-7225
DOI:10.1007/s10552-018-1017-0