Genotyping of Mycobacterium tuberculosis using whole genome sequencing

Tuberculosis (TB) is considered one of the most serious infectious diseases worldwide. Effective control of tuberculosis infection involves multiple steps, such as reliable detection, treatment, an epidemiological control as a part of case management, and further surveillance and monitoring of TB sp...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:Folia microbiologica 2018-09, Vol.63 (5), p.537-545
Main Authors: Amlerova, Jana, Bitar, Ibrahim, Hrabak, Jaroslav
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
Applied Microbiology
Biomedical and Life Sciences
Current distribution
Data management
Data processing
Deoxyribonucleic acid
Disease transmission
DNA
DNA sequencing
Drug Resistance, Bacterial - genetics
Environmental Engineering/Biotechnology
Epidemiology
Evolution
Genome, Bacterial
Genomes
Genotype
Genotypes
Genotyping
Human populations
Humans
Immunology
Infectious diseases
Life Sciences
Microbiology
Molecular biology
Molecular Epidemiology - standards
Molecular Typing - methods
Molecular Typing - standards
Mycobacterium tuberculosis
Mycobacterium tuberculosis - classification
Mycobacterium tuberculosis - genetics
Phylogeography
Review
Spoligotyping
Trays
Tuberculosis
Tuberculosis - diagnosis
Tuberculosis - epidemiology
Tuberculosis - microbiology
Whole Genome Sequencing
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Summary:Tuberculosis (TB) is considered one of the most serious infectious diseases worldwide. Effective control of tuberculosis infection involves multiple steps, such as reliable detection, treatment, an epidemiological control as a part of case management, and further surveillance and monitoring of TB spread in the human population. Due to the accelerating advances in molecular biology, especially in DNA sequencing, in the past decade, the application of these methods has become crucial for TB evolution studies, differentiation of Mycobacterium tuberculosis genotypes, and their distribution. Currently, several molecular genetic methods are available. The oldest typing methods (e.g., IS 6110 -RFLP, spoligotyping, and MIRU-VNTR) can discover the chain of transmission to the patient. Currently, whole genome sequencing facilitates is furthermore able to identify the source of infection, the transmission trays among individuals sharing the same isolate, as well as determination of the TB evolution and its resistance to antituberculotic agents. It is obvious that this technique will become a new gold standard in genotyping methods in tuberculosis molecular epidemiological studies. In this article, molecular genetic typing methods with a special focus on whole genome sequencing and data management are reviewed.
ISSN:0015-5632
1874-9356
DOI:10.1007/s12223-018-0599-y