Acute alterations in the hematological and hemorheological profile induced by resistance training and possible implication for microvascular functionality

Depending on the exercise variables and training design, resistance exercise can be applied to gain muscle mass, prevent diseases like osteoporosis and sarcopenia or generally increase strength capacity. But the influence on blood flow parameters and possible consequences in health and disease are l...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:Microvascular research 2018-07, Vol.118, p.137-143
Main Authors: Bizjak, Daniel A., Jacko, Daniel, Zimmer, Philipp, Gehlert, Sebastian, Bloch, Wilhelm, Grau, Marijke
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
Adaptation, Physiological
Adult
Biomarkers - blood
Blood Glucose - metabolism
Erythrocytes - metabolism
Hemorheology
Humans
Lipid Peroxidation
Male
Malondialdehyde - blood
Microcirculation
Microvasculature
Microvessels - physiology
Muscle Contraction
Nitrates - blood
Nitric oxide
Oxidative Stress
Quadriceps Muscle - blood supply
Red blood cell
Resistance exercise
Resistance Training - methods
Time Factors
Tyrosine - blood
Young Adult
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Summary:Depending on the exercise variables and training design, resistance exercise can be applied to gain muscle mass, prevent diseases like osteoporosis and sarcopenia or generally increase strength capacity. But the influence on blood flow parameters and possible consequences in health and disease are less understood. To examine the possible impact of resistance exercise of different duration on hemorheology, oxidative stress and microvascular function, participants (n = 6) performed lower-limb resistance exercise of the quadriceps femoris. Loading consisted of 1 (S1), 5 (S5) and 10 (S10) sets, on separated days, at the individual 10 repetition maximum. Blood samples were taken before (Pre) and after (Post0) each set as well after a 25-min recovery period (Post25). Hemograms were measured to analyze hematocrit, white blood cell (WBC) count and red blood cell (RBC) count. RBC deformability and aggregation were measured by ektacytometry and syllectometry to determine hemorheological responses. Plasma and RBC nitrate were measured by chemiluminescence detection to determine nitric oxide production. Formation of N-tyrosine and plasma malondialdehyde to determine oxidative stress and lipid peroxidation were measured by immunostaining and ELISA, respectively. Hematocrit, RBC, WBC count and aggregation increased Post0 in each protocol with subsequently decreased values Post25 below Pre values. High effect size was observed regarding deformability during the different sets. RBC nitrite analysis revealed effect size alterations between the trainings, whereas plasma nitrite was not affected. Effects size was evident in lipid peroxidation, whereas N-tyrosine concentration was not altered. Lower-limb resistance exercise induced acute changes in hematological and hemorheological parameters, whereby intermittent hemodilution and plasma shifts seemed the major contributor. The acute adaptations of RBC function seen during short duration resistance exercise might contribute to beneficial effects on microvascular circulation with a low oxidative stress response. •Resistance exercise influences the hematological profile•Acute alterations in hemorheology are observed immediately during exercise•Adaptations of blood rheology are seen after a recovery period•Impact on the microvascular system seems independent on exercise duration and intensity
ISSN:0026-2862
1095-9319
DOI:10.1016/j.mvr.2018.03.007