Injury Potential from Carryover of Watermelon Herbicide Residues

• Published in: Weed technology 2007-04, Vol.21 (2), p.473-476
• Main Authors: Brandenberger, Lynn P, Shrefler, James W, Webber, Charles L, Talbert, Ronald E, Payton, Mark E, Wells, Lynda K, McClelland, Marilyn
• Format: Article
• Language: English
• Subjects: adverse effects; application rate; Brassica; Brassica oleracea; Brassica oleracea var. capitata; Brassica oleracea var. italica; Broccoli; cabbage; Cabbages; Citrullus lanatus; cole crops; Crop management; Crop rotation; Cupressus; Emergence; Growth retardation; hard red winter wheat; herbicide residues; Herbicides; nontarget organisms; plant damage; residual effects; seedling emergence; species differences; Spinach; Spinacia oleracea; stunting; Tillage; Triticum aestivum; Vegetable crops; watermelons; Wheat
• ISSN: 0890-037X; 1550-2740
• DOI: 10.1614/WT-06-082.1

Studies were conducted to determine injury potential to rotational crops from carryover of herbicides used in watermelon production. Treatments included halosulfuron, ethalfluralin, and sulfentrazone alone; halosulfuron in tank mixtures with bensulide, clomazone, ethalfluralin, and naptalam; and a tank mixture of naptalam and bensulide. Sulfentrazone applied at 224 g ai/ha to watermelon severely reduced spinach emergence, but did not reduce emergence of broccoli, cabbage, or wheat. Residues of sulfentrazone applied to watermelon at 450 g/ha stunted growth of broccoli and cabbage and was the only treatment that reduced wheat stand. Injury to broccoli, cabbage, and spinach increased as the halosulfuron rate increased. Ethalfluralin did not reduce stand or cause injury to any of the four rotational crops. Naptalam plus bensulide did not reduce stand of the four crops and caused either slight or no injury. Residues of sulfentrazone and halosulfuron can injure vegetables following crops in which these herbicides are used, and caution should be taken particularly with spinach, broccoli, and cabbage in this respect. Nomenclature: Bensulide; clomazone; ethalfluralin; halosulfuron; naptalam; sulfentrazone; broccoli, Brassica oleracea var. botrytis (L.) ‘Everest’, ‘Green Sprouting Calabrese’; cabbage, Brassica oleracea var. capitata (L.) ‘Early Jersey Wakefield’; spinach, Spinacia oleracea (L.) ‘Cypress’, ‘F-380’; watermelon, Citrullus lanatus (Thunb.) ‘Jubilee’, ‘XIT 101’; hard red winter wheat, Triticum aestivum (L.) ‘Jagger’.