UVA-photoprotective potential of silymarin and silybin

• Published in: Archives of Dermatological Research 2018-07, Vol.310 (5), p.413-424
• Main Authors: Rajnochová Svobodová, Alena, Gabrielová, Eva, Michaelides, Loizos, Kosina, Pavel, Ryšavá, Alena, Ulrichová, Jitka, Zálešák, Bohumil, Vostálová, Jitka
• Format: Article
• Language: English
• Subjects: Caspase; Caspase 3 - metabolism; Caspase-3; Cells, Cultured; Dermatology; DNA Damage; Fibroblasts; Fibroblasts - drug effects; Fibroblasts - pathology; Fibroblasts - radiation effects; Glutathione; Glutathione - metabolism; Heat shock proteins; Heme; Heme oxygenase (decyclizing); Heme Oxygenase-1 - metabolism; HSP70 Heat-Shock Proteins - metabolism; Hsp70 protein; Humans; Interstitial collagenase; Matrix metalloproteinase; Matrix Metalloproteinase 1 - metabolism; Medicine; Medicine & Public Health; Metalloproteinase; Original Paper; Oxygenase; Primary Cell Culture; Proteins; Radiation Injuries - drug therapy; Reactive oxygen species; Reactive Oxygen Species - metabolism; Silymarin; Silymarin - therapeutic use; Skin; Skin - pathology; Skin - radiation effects; Solar radiation; Sunlight; Ultraviolet radiation; Ultraviolet Rays - adverse effects
• ISSN: 0340-3696; 1432-069X
• DOI: 10.1007/s00403-018-1828-6

Exposure to solar radiation is a major cause of environmental human skin damage. The main constituent of solar UV light is UVA radiation (320–400 nm); however, the need for protection against UVA has been marginalized for a long time. As a result, there is still a lack of useful agents for UVA protection. In this study, the effect of silymarin (SM) and its main constituent silybin (SB) pre-treatment on UVA-stimulated damage to primary human dermal fibroblasts were carried out. The cells were pre-treated for 1 h with SB or SM and then were exposed to UVA light, using a solar simulator. The effect of SB and SM on reactive oxygen species (ROS) and glutathione (GSH) level, caspase-3 activity, single-strand breaks (SSB) formation and protein level of matrix metalloproteinase-1 (MMP-1), heme oxygenase-1 (HO-1), and heat shock protein (HSP70) was evaluated. Treatment with both SM and SB resulted in a reduction in UVA-stimulated ROS generation and SSB production, as well as in the prevention of GSH depletion, a decrease in the activation of caspase-3 and protein level of MMP-1. They also moderately increased HO-1 level and reduced HSP70 level. Our data showed that both SM and SB are non-phototoxic and have UVA-photoprotective potential and could be useful agents for UV-protective dermatological preparations.