Oral Bioavailability of Cyclotrimethylenetrinitramine (RDX) from Contaminated Site Soils in Rats

Cyclotrimethylenetrinitramine (RDX), a commonly used military explosive, was detected as a contaminant of soil and water at Army facilities and ranges. This study was conducted to determine the relative oral bioavailability of RDX in contaminated soil and to develop a method to derive bioavailabilit...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:International journal of toxicology 2008-07, Vol.27 (4), p.317-322
Main Authors: Crouse, Lee C. B., Michie, Mark W., Major, Michael A., Leach, Glenn J., Reddy, Gunda
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
Administration, Oral
Animals
Biological Availability
Chromatography, Gas
Louisiana
Male
Pilot Projects
Rats
Rats, Sprague-Dawley
Soil Pollutants - pharmacokinetics
Triazines - administration & dosage
Triazines - pharmacokinetics
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Summary:Cyclotrimethylenetrinitramine (RDX), a commonly used military explosive, was detected as a contaminant of soil and water at Army facilities and ranges. This study was conducted to determine the relative oral bioavailability of RDX in contaminated soil and to develop a method to derive bioavailability adjustments for risk assessments using rodents. Adult male Sprague-Dawley rats preimplanted with femoral artery catheters were dosed orally with gelatin capsules containing either pure RDX or an equivalent amount of RDX in contaminated soils from Louisiana Army Ammunition Plant (LAAP) (2300 μg/g of soil) or Fort Meade (FM) (670 μg/g of soil). After dosing rats, blood samples were collected from catheters at 2-h intervals (2, 4, 6, 8, 10, and 12) and at 24 and 48 h. RDX levels in the blood were determined by gas chromatography. The results show that the peak absorption of RDX in blood was 6 h for neat RDX (1.24 mg/kg) and for RDX from contaminated soil (1.24 mg/kg) of LAAP. Rats dosed with RDX-contaminated FM soil (0.2 mg/kg) showed peak levels of RDX in blood at 6 h, whereas their counterparts that received an identical dose (0.2 mg/kg) of neat RDX showed peak absorption at 4 h. The blood levels of absorbed RDX from LAAP soil were about 25% less than for neat RDX, whereas the bioavailability of RDX from FM soils was about 15% less than that seen in rats treated with neat RDX (0.2 mg/kg). The oral bioavailability in rats fed RDX in LAAP soil and the FM soil was reduced with the neat compound but decrease in bioavailability varied with the soil type.
ISSN:1091-5818
1092-874X
DOI:10.1080/10915810802366885