The Development of a Four-Electrode Bio-Impedance Sensor for Identification and Localization of Deep Pulmonary Nodules

Identifying and localizing of deep pulmonary nodules are among the main challenges that thoracic surgeons face during operations, particularly in thoracoscopic procedures. To facilitate this, we have tried to introduce a non-invasive and safe method by measuring the lung electrical bio-impedance spe...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:Annals of biomedical engineering 2018-08, Vol.46 (8), p.1079-1090
Main Authors: Baghbani, Rasool, Moradi, Mohammad Hassan, Shadmehr, Mohammad Behgam
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
Adult
Biochemistry
Biological and Medical Physics
Biomedical and Life Sciences
Biomedical Engineering and Bioengineering
Biomedicine
Biophysics
Child, Preschool
Classical Mechanics
Electric Impedance
Electrical impedance
Electrodes
Feasibility studies
Female
Finite element method
Humans
Impedance
Localization
Lung Neoplasms - diagnosis
Lung nodules
Male
Middle Aged
Multiple Pulmonary Nodules - diagnosis
Nodules
Sensors
Thorax
Tissues
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Summary:Identifying and localizing of deep pulmonary nodules are among the main challenges that thoracic surgeons face during operations, particularly in thoracoscopic procedures. To facilitate this, we have tried to introduce a non-invasive and safe method by measuring the lung electrical bio-impedance spectrum with a four-electrode array sensor. To study the feasibility of this method, since any change in the depth or diameter of the nodule in the lung tissue is not practical, we used the finite element modeling of the lung tissue and pulmonary nodule to allow changes in the depth and diameter of the nodule, as well as the distance in between the injection electrodes. Accordingly, a bio-impedance sensor was designed and fabricated. By measuring the electrical impedance spectrum of pulmonary tissues in four different specimens with a frequency band of 50 kHz to 5 MHz, 4 pulmonary nodules at four different depths were identified. The obtained bio-impedance spectrum from the lung surface showed that the magnitude and phase of electrical bio-impedance of the tumoral tissue at each frequency is smaller than that of the healthy tissue. In addition, the frequency characteristic varies in the Nyquist curves for tumoral and healthy lung tissues.
ISSN:0090-6964
1573-9686
DOI:10.1007/s10439-018-2032-8