Trade and Health 3: Trade and social determinants of health

The effects of trade and trade liberalisation on the social determinants of health are not well known. Here, we outline a conceptual framework of links between trade liberalisation and health outcomes, and review existing evidence for these by focusing on four key factors: income, inequality, econom...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:The Lancet (British edition) 2009-02, Vol.373 (9662), p.502-507
Main Authors: Blouin, Chantal, Chopra, Mickey, van der Hoeven, Rolph
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
Chronic illnesses
Developing countries
Diet
Economic growth
Economic models
Economics
Global economy
Globalization
Health services
Income inequality
Industrialized nations
International trade
LDCs
Life expectancy
Medical technology
Mortality
Nutrition education
Trade
Trade liberalization
Trade policy
Wage & price controls
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Summary:The effects of trade and trade liberalisation on the social determinants of health are not well known. Here, we outline a conceptual framework of links between trade liberalisation and health outcomes, and review existing evidence for these by focusing on four key factors: income, inequality, economic insecurity, and unhealthy diets. Even though trade liberalisation seems to have positive effects on economic growth, it is not sufficient to boost growth. In several countries, trade reforms have not translated into enhanced economic expansion because complementary policies are needed. Trade liberalisation and openness are associated with greater wage inequality and raised economic insecurity. Trade liberalisation has facilitated availability of highly processed, calorie-rich, nutrient-poor food in developing countries, but further research is needed to better understand the effects of trade on unhealthy diets. Policymakers and health professionals need to be aware that the global economy affects the health of populations and understand how risks associated with trade liberalisation can be mitigated. [PUBLICATION ABSTRACT]
ISSN:0140-6736
1474-547X
DOI:10.1016/S0140-6736(08)61777-8