Dispositional mindfulness and prescription opioid misuse among chronic pain patients: Craving and attention to positive information as mediating mechanisms

•Chronic pain patients are at risk for prescription opioid misuse.•We conducted path analyses of self-report data (N = 300).•Opioid craving mediated the association between mindfulness and opioid misuse.•Attention to positive information (API) also mediated this relationship.•Mindfulness may buffer...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:Drug and alcohol dependence 2018-07, Vol.188, p.86-93
Main Authors: Priddy, Sarah E., Hanley, Adam W., Riquino, Michael R., Platt, Keith A., Baker, Anne K., Garland, Eric L.
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
Adult
Aged
Aged, 80 and over
Analgesics, Opioid - adverse effects
Analgesics, Opioid - therapeutic use
Analysis
Attention
Attention - drug effects
Buffers
Chronic pain
Chronic Pain - drug therapy
Chronic Pain - epidemiology
Chronic Pain - psychology
Correlation analysis
Craving
Craving - drug effects
Cross-Sectional Studies
Data processing
Drug use
Female
Humans
Male
Middle Aged
Mindfulness
Mindfulness - trends
Narcotics
Natural reward
Negative information
Opioid craving
Opioid misuse
Opioid-Related Disorders - epidemiology
Opioid-Related Disorders - psychology
Opioid-Related Disorders - therapy
Opioids
Pain
Pain management
Patients
Questionnaires
Responsiveness
Rewards
Risk
Self Report
Southeastern United States - epidemiology
Stimuli
Substance-Related Disorders - epidemiology
Substance-Related Disorders - psychology
Substance-Related Disorders - therapy
Surveys and Questionnaires
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Items that cite this one
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Summary:•Chronic pain patients are at risk for prescription opioid misuse.•We conducted path analyses of self-report data (N = 300).•Opioid craving mediated the association between mindfulness and opioid misuse.•Attention to positive information (API) also mediated this relationship.•Mindfulness may buffer misuse risk through decreasing craving and increasing API. Opioid-treated chronic pain patients may be at risk for prescription opioid misuse due to heightened opioid craving coupled with deficits in attention to naturally rewarding, positive stimuli. Conversely, dispositional mindfulness, which is associated with reduced craving and increased responsiveness to natural rewards, may serve as a protective factor and buffer opioid misuse risk. The current investigation aimed to examine the association between mindfulness and opioid misuse, and to test opioid craving and attention to positive information as mediators of this relationship. This cross-sectional analysis examined data obtained from a sample of civilian opioid-treated chronic pain patients in the Southeastern U.S. (Sample 1: N = 115), as well as civilian (Sample 2: N = 141) and military samples in the Intermountain West (Sample 3: N = 44). Pearson correlations and path analyses were employed to test relations among participant self-reports on the Current Opioid Misuse Measure (COMM), the Five Facet Mindfulness Questionnaire (FFMQ), two measures of opioid craving, and the Attention to Positive and Negative Information Scale (APNIS). Across all three samples, dispositional mindfulness was significantly inversely associated with opioid misuse (N = 300, r = −0.36, p 
ISSN:0376-8716
1879-0046
DOI:10.1016/j.drugalcdep.2018.03.040