Review of Hemoglobin-Vesicles as Artificial Oxygen Carriers

Blood transfusion systems have greatly benefited human health and welfare. Nevertheless, some problems remain: infection, blood type mismatching, immunological response, short shelf life, and screening test costs. Blood substitutes have been under development for decades to overcome such problems. P...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:Artificial organs 2009-02, Vol.33 (2), p.139-145
Main Authors: Sakai, Hiromi, Sou, Keitaro, Horinouchi, Hirohisa, Kobayashi, Koichi, Tsuchida, Eishun
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
Blood substitutes
Blood Substitutes - administration & dosage
Blood Substitutes - chemistry
Blood Substitutes - therapeutic use
Erythrocyte Transfusion
Extracorporeal Circulation
Hemoglobin
Hepatitis B virus
Humans
Ischemia - drug therapy
Liposome
Liposomes
Perfusion
Shock, Hemorrhagic - drug therapy
Transfusion
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Summary:Blood transfusion systems have greatly benefited human health and welfare. Nevertheless, some problems remain: infection, blood type mismatching, immunological response, short shelf life, and screening test costs. Blood substitutes have been under development for decades to overcome such problems. Plasma component substitutes have already been established: plasma expanders, electrolytes, and recombinant coagulant factors. Herein, we focus on the development of red blood cell (RBC) substitutes. Side effects hindered early development of cell‐free hemoglobin (Hb)‐based oxygen carriers (HBOCs) and underscored the physiological importance of the cellular structure of RBCs. Well‐designed artificial oxygen carriers that meet requisite criteria are expected to be realized eventually. Encapsulation of Hb is one idea to shield the toxicities of molecular Hbs. However, intrinsic issues of encapsulated Hbs must be resolved: difficulties related to regulating the molecular assembly, and management of its physicochemical and biochemical properties. Hb‐vesicles (HbV) are a cellular type of HBOC that overcome these issues. The in vivo safety and efficacy of HbV have been studied extensively. The results illustrate the potential of HbV as a transfusion alternative and promise its use for other clinical applications that remain unattainable using RBC transfusion.
ISSN:0160-564X
1525-1594
DOI:10.1111/j.1525-1594.2008.00698.x