Postnatal high-fat diet sex-specifically exacerbates prenatal dexamethasone-induced hypertension: Mass spectrometry-based quantitative proteomic approach

• Published in: The Journal of nutritional biochemistry 2018-07, Vol.57, p.268-275
• Main Authors: Hsu, Chien-Ning, Lai, Wan-Tz, Lin, Yu-Ju, Tain, You-Lin
• Format: Article
• Language: English
• Subjects: Glucocorticoid; Hypertension; Proteomics; Sex differences; Sodium transporter
• ISSN: 0955-2863; 1873-4847
• DOI: 10.1016/j.jnutbio.2018.04.006

Hypertension can originate from pre- and post-natal insults. High-fat (HF) diet and prenatal dexamethasone (DEX) exposure are both involved in hypertension of developmental origins. We examined whether postnatal HF diet sex-specifically increases the vulnerability to prenatal DEX exposure-induced programmed hypertension in adult offspring. Additionally, we sought to identify candidate proteins involved in programmed hypertension through a mass spectrometry-based quantitative proteomic approach. Male and female offspring were studied separately: control, DEX, HF, and DEX + HF (n=8/group). Pregnant Sprague–Dawley rats received dexamethasone (0.1 mg/kg body weight) or vesicle from gestational day 16–22. Offspring received high-fat diet (D12331, Research Diets) or regular diet from weaning to 4 months of age. Rats were sacrificed at 4 months of age. We found that postnatal HF diet increased vulnerability of prenatal DEX-induced hypertension in male but not in female adult offspring. Additionally, HF and DEX elicited renal programming in a sex-specific fashion. In males, DEX + HF increased renal parvalbumin (PVALB) and carbonic anhydrase III (CA III) protein levels. While prenatal DEX down-regulated PVALB and CA III protein abundance in female offspring kidneys. Moreover, DEX + HF increased renal protein level of type 3 sodium hydrogen exchanger (NHE3) in males but not in females. In conclusion, postnatal HF diet and prenatal DEX exposure synergistically induced programmed hypertension in male-only offspring. DEX + HF induced sex-specific alterations of protein profiles in offspring kidneys. By identifying candidate proteins underlying sex-specific mechanisms, our results could lead to novel offspring sex-specific interventions to prevent hypertension induced by antenatal corticosteroids and postnatal HF intake in both sexes. [Display omitted]