Effects of N fertilization on yield for low-input production in Spanish wheat landraces (Triticum turgidum L. and Triticum monococcum L.)

• Published in: Plant breeding 2008-02, Vol.127 (1), p.20-23
• Main Authors: Ruiz, M, Aguiriano, E, Carrillo, J.M
• Format: Article
• Language: English
• Subjects: Agronomy. Soil science and plant productions; Biological and medical sciences; core subset; Fundamental and applied biological sciences. Psychology; Genetics and breeding of economic plants; landraces; low-input; nitrogen; Triticum aestivum; Triticum monococcum; Triticum turgidum; Triticum turgidum ssp.durum; wheat; yield; yields
• ISSN: 0179-9541; 1439-0523
• DOI: 10.1111/j.1439-0523.2007.01406.x

A core subset of Spanish durum wheat landraces was evaluated at two nitrogen levels (80 and 220 kg/ha) to identify landrace genotypes adapted to low N production. Yield differences were statistically significant between N levels and among genotypes at both levels. Fifty-one per cent of the landraces yielded significantly more at low than at high N (low-N varieties) while 26% had a positive (high-N varieties) and 23% an indifferent (indifferent-N varieties) response to N fertilizer. No significant agromorphological differences were found among low and high-N varieties at low N level that conferred some advantage to low-N varieties. In contrast, high-N varieties possessed longer grain-filling period under high N level. Phenological characters showed an important influence on yield and on the performance of the varieties within each subgroup. The traits affecting grain yield most positively, mainly the low-N varieties, were long filling period and earliness. Five entries were selected for prebreeding to low N adaptation.