Plant cell death and cellular alterations induced by ozone: Key studies in Mediterranean conditions

An account of histo-cytological and ultrastructural studies on ozone effect on crop and forest species in Italy is given, with emphasis on induced cell death and the underlying mechanisms. Cell death phenomena possibly due to ambient O 3 were recorded in crop and forest species. In contrast, visible...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:Environmental pollution (1987) 2009-05, Vol.157 (5), p.1470-1477
Main Authors: Faoro, Franco, Iriti, Marcello
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
Air Pollutants - toxicity
air pollution
Allium cepa
Cell death
Cell Death - drug effects
crops
Crops, Agricultural - cytology
Crops, Agricultural - drug effects
Crops, Agricultural - growth & development
cytotoxicity
Environmental Monitoring - methods
forest trees
Histo-cytochemistry
Histology
histopathology
HR-like
Italy
literature reviews
Lycopersicon esculentum
Mediterranean climate
meta-analysis
Ozone
Ozone - toxicity
plant damage
Plant Leaves - drug effects
Staining and Labeling
Trees - cytology
Trees - drug effects
Trees - growth & development
Triticum aestivum
Ultrastructure
vegetation
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Summary:An account of histo-cytological and ultrastructural studies on ozone effect on crop and forest species in Italy is given, with emphasis on induced cell death and the underlying mechanisms. Cell death phenomena possibly due to ambient O 3 were recorded in crop and forest species. In contrast, visible O 3 effects on Mediterranean vegetation are often unclear. Microscopy is thus suggested as an effective tool to validate and evaluate O 3 injury to Mediterranean vegetation. A DAB-Evans blue staining was proposed to validate O 3 symptoms at the microscopic level and for a pre-visual diagnosis of O 3 injury. The method has been positively tested in some of the most important crop species, such as wheat, tomato, bean and onion and, with some restriction, in forest species, and it also allows one to gain some very useful insights into the mechanisms at the base of O 3 sensitivity or tolerance. Ozone-induced cell death is a frequent phenomenon in Mediterranean conditions, not only in the most sensitive crops but also in forest species.
ISSN:0269-7491
1873-6424
DOI:10.1016/j.envpol.2008.09.026