Antibiotic functionalised polymers reduce bacterial biofilm and bioburden in a simulated infection of the cornea

Microbial keratitis can arise from penetrating injuries to the cornea. Corneal trauma promotes bacterial attachment and biofilm growth, which decrease the effectiveness of antimicrobials against microbial keratitis. Improved therapeutic efficacy can be achieved by reducing microbial burden prior to...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:Biomaterials science 2018-08, Vol.6 (8), p.2101-2109
Main Authors: Doroshenko, Natalya, Rimmer, Stephen, Hoskins, Richard, Garg, Prashant, Swift, Thomas, Spencer, Hannah L M, Lord, Rianne M, Katsikogianni, Maria, Pownall, David, MacNeil, Sheila, Douglas, C W Ian, Shepherd, Joanna
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
Acrylamide
Acrylic Resins - chemistry
Acrylic Resins - pharmacology
Anti-Bacterial Agents - chemical synthesis
Anti-Bacterial Agents - chemistry
Anti-Bacterial Agents - pharmacology
Antibiotics
Antiinfectives and antibacterials
Antimicrobial agents
Attachment
Bacteria
Biofilms
Biofilms - drug effects
Cell Survival - drug effects
Cornea
Cornea - drug effects
Cornea - metabolism
Keratitis
Lasers
Microbial Sensitivity Tests
Microorganisms
Particle Size
Reactive Oxygen Species - analysis
Reactive Oxygen Species - metabolism
Staphylococcal Infections - drug therapy
Staphylococcal Infections - metabolism
Staphylococcus aureus - cytology
Staphylococcus aureus - drug effects
Staphylococcus aureus - metabolism
Surface Properties
Therapy
Vancomycin
Vancomycin - chemistry
Vancomycin - pharmacology
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Summary:Microbial keratitis can arise from penetrating injuries to the cornea. Corneal trauma promotes bacterial attachment and biofilm growth, which decrease the effectiveness of antimicrobials against microbial keratitis. Improved therapeutic efficacy can be achieved by reducing microbial burden prior to antimicrobial therapy. This paper assesses a highly-branched poly(N-isopropyl acrylamide) with vancomycin end groups (HB-PNIPAM-van), for reducing bacterial attachment and biofilm formation. The polymer lacked antimicrobial activity against Staphylococcus aureus, but significantly inhibited biofilm formation (p = 0.0008) on plastic. Furthermore, pre-incubation of S. aureus cells with HB-PNIPAM-van reduced cell attachment by 50% and application of HB-PNIPAM-van to infected ex vivo rabbit corneas caused a 1-log reduction in bacterial recovery, compared to controls (p = 0.002). In conclusion, HB-PNIPAM-van may be a useful adjunct to antimicrobial therapy in the treatment of corneal infections.
ISSN:2047-4830
2047-4849
DOI:10.1039/c8bm00201k