Relative adrenal insufficiency in cirrhotic patients with ascites (hepatoadrenal syndrome)

• Published in: Digestive and liver disease 2018-11, Vol.50 (11), p.1232-1237
• Main Authors: Singh, Rajiv Ranjan, Walia, Rama, Sachdeva, Naresh, Bhalla, Ashish, Singh, Akash, Singh, Virendra
• Format: Article
• Language: English
• Subjects: Acute-on-chronic liver failure; Ascites; Cirrhosis; Cortisol; Hepatoadrenal syndrome; Sepsis
• ISSN: 1590-8658; 1878-3562
• DOI: 10.1016/j.dld.2018.05.011

Relative adrenal insufficiency (RAI) has been reported in critically ill patients with cirrhosis. We evaluated the prevalence of RAI and its relationship to clinical course in non-septic cirrhosis patients with ascites. The study included 66 consecutive non-septic cirrhosis patients with ascites. RAI was defined by a delta cortisol lower than 9 μg/dL and/or a peak cortisol lower than 18 μg/dL. Sixty-six patients with cirrhosis and ascites were studied. The mean Child-Turcotte-Pugh (CTP) and model for end stage liver disease (MELD) scores were 10.6 ± 1.9 and 21.5 ± 7.3, respectively. The prevalence of RAI in patients with cirrhosis and ascites was 47% (31/66). The prevalence of RAI in patients with and without spontaneous bacterial peritonitis, renal failure and type 1 hepatorenal syndrome (HRS) was comparable. Baseline hyponatremia was common in RAI (42% versus 17%, p = 0.026). There was a significant correlation of prevalence of RAI with prothrombin time, international normalized ratio, MELD scores and CTP class. During follow-up, there was no association between RAI and the risk to develop new infections, severe sepsis, type 1 HRS and death. RAI is common in non-septic cirrhotic patients with ascites and its prevalence increases with severity of liver disease. However, it does not affect the short-term outcome in these patients.