The superantigen toxic shock syndrome toxin-1 induces CD40 ligand expression and modulates IgE isotype switching

Isotype switching to IgE requires two signals. The first signal is provided by the cytokines IL-4 or IL-13, and the second signal is delivered by the interaction between the B cell antigen CD40 and its ligand (CD40L) which is expressed on activated T cells. Since superantigens have been shown to act...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:International immunology 1996-10, Vol.8 (10), p.1503-1510
Main Authors: Jabara, H H, Geha, R S
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
B-Lymphocytes - drug effects
B-Lymphocytes - immunology
B-Lymphocytes - metabolism
Bacterial Toxins
CD40 Ligand
Enterotoxins - pharmacology
Humans
Immunoglobulin Class Switching - drug effects
Immunoglobulin E - biosynthesis
Immunoglobulin E - drug effects
Immunoglobulin E - immunology
Ligands
Membrane Glycoproteins - biosynthesis
Membrane Glycoproteins - drug effects
Staphylococcus aureus - immunology
Superantigens - immunology
Superantigens - pharmacology
T-Lymphocytes - drug effects
T-Lymphocytes - immunology
T-Lymphocytes - metabolism
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Summary:Isotype switching to IgE requires two signals. The first signal is provided by the cytokines IL-4 or IL-13, and the second signal is delivered by the interaction between the B cell antigen CD40 and its ligand (CD40L) which is expressed on activated T cells. Since superantigens have been shown to activate T cells, we examined the effect of the superantigen toxic shock syndrome toxin-1 (TSST-1) on CD40L expression on T cells. TSST-1 induced expression of CD40L in both freshly isolated T cells and in T cell lines expanded by re-stimulation with TSST-1. CD40L was preferentially expressed in the V beta 2 subset of T cells expanded by TSST-1. We next examined the effect of TSST-1 on IgE synthesis by human peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMC). Addition of TSST-1 to PBMC inhibited IL-4-induced IgE synthesis in a dose-dependent manner. This inhibition was reversed partly by adding a neutralizing antibody to IFN-gamma. In contrast, TSST-1 induced high amounts of IgE synthesis in the presence of IL-4 at low T:B cell ratios (0.5:10 to 4:10), a condition which circumvents the inhibitory effect of IFN-gamma. TSST-1 induction of IgE synthesis was inhibited by a mAb to CD40L. These results indicate that superantigens induce CD40L expression in T cells and cause isotype switching in B cells which is mediated by CD40L-CD40 interaction.
ISSN:0953-8178
1460-2377
DOI:10.1093/intimm/8.10.1503