Assessing the aquatic hazard of commercial hydrocarbon resins

Hydrocarbon resins are used to modify polymer products to achieve desired functional properties for a diverse range of products. These complex hydrocarbon-based mixtures are typically poorly soluble in water. However, resins may leach lower-molecular-weight monomers or impurities upon contact with w...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:Ecotoxicology and environmental safety 2007-02, Vol.66 (2), p.159-168
Main Authors: Woods, R.W., Letinski, D.J., Febbo, E.J., Dzamba, C.L., Connelly, M.J., Parkerton, T.F.
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
Animal Testing Alternatives
Animal, plant and microbial ecology
Animals
Applied ecology
Aquatic
Bioavailability
Biological and medical sciences
Biological Availability
Biomimetic
Biomimetic Materials
Daphnia
Daphnia magna
Dimethylpolysiloxanes
Ecotoxicology, biological effects of pollution
Female
Fundamental and applied biological sciences. Psychology
General aspects
Hydrocarbons - toxicity
Leachate
Microextraction
Reproduction - drug effects
Resin
Resins, Synthetic - toxicity
Silicon Dioxide
Silicones
Toxicity
Toxicity Tests - methods
Water Pollutants, Chemical - toxicity
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Summary:Hydrocarbon resins are used to modify polymer products to achieve desired functional properties for a diverse range of products. These complex hydrocarbon-based mixtures are typically poorly soluble in water. However, resins may leach lower-molecular-weight monomers or impurities upon contact with water, thus posing a potential hazard to the aquatic environment. The bioavailability and toxicity of leachable constituents of four solid and three liquid resins were evaluated by analyzing water-accommodated fractions prepared with each resin, using biomimetic solid phase microextraction (SPME) techniques. Liquid resins exhibited concentrations of bioavailable constituents that were sufficiently elevated to cause acute toxicity to the aquatic organism Daphnia magna. All solid resins exhibited lower bioavailable concentrations of leachable constituents that were unlikely to pose an aquatic toxicity concern. Since observed toxicity of both resin types was generally consistent with bioavailable concentrations determined using SPME fiber measurements, it is concluded that this approach provides a convenient in vitro screening tool that can help reduce the use of animal testing in environmental hazard assessment of complex hydrocarbon-based substances.
ISSN:0147-6513
1090-2414
DOI:10.1016/j.ecoenv.2005.11.004