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Predictors of poor clinical outcomes in patients with acute myocardial infarction and non-obstructed coronary arteries (MINOCA)

To assess the characteristics and prognosis of patients with myocardial infarction and non-obstructed coronary arteries (MINOCA). MINOCA was defined as acute myocardial infarction (AMI) with angiographic coronary stenosis

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Published in:International journal of cardiology 2018-09, Vol.267, p.41-45
Main Authors: Ciliberti, Giuseppe, Coiro, Stefano, Tritto, Isabella, Benedetti, Martina, Guerra, Federico, Del Pinto, Maurizio, Finocchiaro, Gherardo, Cavallini, Claudio, Capucci, Alessandro, Kaski, Juan Carlos, Ambrosio, Giuseppe
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container_title International journal of cardiology
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creator Ciliberti, Giuseppe
Coiro, Stefano
Tritto, Isabella
Benedetti, Martina
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Cavallini, Claudio
Capucci, Alessandro
Kaski, Juan Carlos
Ambrosio, Giuseppe
description To assess the characteristics and prognosis of patients with myocardial infarction and non-obstructed coronary arteries (MINOCA). MINOCA was defined as acute myocardial infarction (AMI) with angiographic coronary stenosis
doi_str_mv 10.1016/j.ijcard.2018.03.092
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MINOCA was defined as acute myocardial infarction (AMI) with angiographic coronary stenosis &lt;50%.Cardiomyopathies and myocarditis were — a priori — excluded from the study. Stenoses &lt;30% were considered normal coronary arteries (NCA); stenoses ≥30% but &lt;50% were considered mild coronary artery disease (MCAD). Patients were subdivided in 3 groups: I) NCA (0 vessels; stenosis &lt;30%); II) 1–2 vessels showing MCAD and III) MCAD in 3 vessels or the left main stem (LMS). From January 2006 to December 2014, 7935 consecutive AMI patients were entered into our institutional database;150 (2%) were diagnosed as having MINOCA. At a median follow-up of 7.1 years the composite end-point (cardiovascular death, AMI or acute coronary syndrome, heart failure, stroke) occurred in 23 patients (17.4%). Survival analysis showed no differences between NCA versus MCAD (p = 0.781). When assessed by distribution of CAD, group III had a lower event-free survival compared to group I and group II, respectively 54 ± 14%, 83 ± 4% and 90 ± 5% (p = 0.001). In a multivariate model, only 3 vessel disease or LMS involvement (HR = 23.5, 95% CI 2.59–173.49, P = 0.001) and high C-reactive protein at hospital admission (HR = 1.47, 95% CI 1.06–2.07, P = 0.005) were significant predictors of the study composite endpoint. In patients with MINOCA, the presence of NCA or 1–2 vessel MCAD was associated with better long-term clinical outcomes compared with patients with MCAD affecting 3 vessels or the LMS. Increased CRP concentrations on hospital admission were also a marker of worse clinical outcome during follow-up. •MINOCA is a challenging working diagnosis.•A new standard definition of MINOCA has recently been proposed.•MINOCA patients with MCAD affecting 3 vessels and/or the LMS have a guarded prognosis.•MINOCA patients with increased CRP levels may require more aggressive treatment.•Systematic assessment of both number of coronary vessels showing MCAD and CRP levels may improve prognostic scores in MINOCA patients.</description><identifier>ISSN: 0167-5273</identifier><identifier>EISSN: 1874-1754</identifier><identifier>DOI: 10.1016/j.ijcard.2018.03.092</identifier><identifier>PMID: 29957262</identifier><language>eng</language><publisher>Netherlands: Elsevier B.V</publisher><subject>Acute coronary syndrome ; Acute myocardial infarction ; Aged ; Biomarkers - analysis ; C-reactive protein ; C-Reactive Protein - analysis ; Cause of Death ; Coronary Angiography - methods ; Coronary Artery Disease - complications ; Coronary Artery Disease - diagnosis ; Coronary Artery Disease - physiopathology ; Coronary Occlusion - diagnosis ; Coronary Occlusion - diagnostic imaging ; Coronary Vessels - diagnostic imaging ; Female ; Follow-Up Studies ; Heart Failure - epidemiology ; Heart Failure - etiology ; Humans ; Italy - epidemiology ; Long Term Adverse Effects - epidemiology ; Long Term Adverse Effects - etiology ; Male ; Middle Aged ; MINOCA ; Myocardial Infarction - diagnosis ; Myocardial Infarction - etiology ; Myocardial Infarction - mortality ; Outcome Assessment (Health Care) ; Predictive Value of Tests ; Prognosis ; Risk Factors ; Severity of Illness Index ; Stroke - epidemiology ; Stroke - etiology ; Survival Analysis</subject><ispartof>International journal of cardiology, 2018-09, Vol.267, p.41-45</ispartof><rights>2018 Elsevier B.V.</rights><rights>Copyright © 2018 Elsevier B.V. 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MINOCA was defined as acute myocardial infarction (AMI) with angiographic coronary stenosis &lt;50%.Cardiomyopathies and myocarditis were — a priori — excluded from the study. Stenoses &lt;30% were considered normal coronary arteries (NCA); stenoses ≥30% but &lt;50% were considered mild coronary artery disease (MCAD). Patients were subdivided in 3 groups: I) NCA (0 vessels; stenosis &lt;30%); II) 1–2 vessels showing MCAD and III) MCAD in 3 vessels or the left main stem (LMS). From January 2006 to December 2014, 7935 consecutive AMI patients were entered into our institutional database;150 (2%) were diagnosed as having MINOCA. At a median follow-up of 7.1 years the composite end-point (cardiovascular death, AMI or acute coronary syndrome, heart failure, stroke) occurred in 23 patients (17.4%). Survival analysis showed no differences between NCA versus MCAD (p = 0.781). When assessed by distribution of CAD, group III had a lower event-free survival compared to group I and group II, respectively 54 ± 14%, 83 ± 4% and 90 ± 5% (p = 0.001). In a multivariate model, only 3 vessel disease or LMS involvement (HR = 23.5, 95% CI 2.59–173.49, P = 0.001) and high C-reactive protein at hospital admission (HR = 1.47, 95% CI 1.06–2.07, P = 0.005) were significant predictors of the study composite endpoint. In patients with MINOCA, the presence of NCA or 1–2 vessel MCAD was associated with better long-term clinical outcomes compared with patients with MCAD affecting 3 vessels or the LMS. 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MINOCA was defined as acute myocardial infarction (AMI) with angiographic coronary stenosis &lt;50%.Cardiomyopathies and myocarditis were — a priori — excluded from the study. Stenoses &lt;30% were considered normal coronary arteries (NCA); stenoses ≥30% but &lt;50% were considered mild coronary artery disease (MCAD). Patients were subdivided in 3 groups: I) NCA (0 vessels; stenosis &lt;30%); II) 1–2 vessels showing MCAD and III) MCAD in 3 vessels or the left main stem (LMS). From January 2006 to December 2014, 7935 consecutive AMI patients were entered into our institutional database;150 (2%) were diagnosed as having MINOCA. At a median follow-up of 7.1 years the composite end-point (cardiovascular death, AMI or acute coronary syndrome, heart failure, stroke) occurred in 23 patients (17.4%). Survival analysis showed no differences between NCA versus MCAD (p = 0.781). When assessed by distribution of CAD, group III had a lower event-free survival compared to group I and group II, respectively 54 ± 14%, 83 ± 4% and 90 ± 5% (p = 0.001). In a multivariate model, only 3 vessel disease or LMS involvement (HR = 23.5, 95% CI 2.59–173.49, P = 0.001) and high C-reactive protein at hospital admission (HR = 1.47, 95% CI 1.06–2.07, P = 0.005) were significant predictors of the study composite endpoint. In patients with MINOCA, the presence of NCA or 1–2 vessel MCAD was associated with better long-term clinical outcomes compared with patients with MCAD affecting 3 vessels or the LMS. Increased CRP concentrations on hospital admission were also a marker of worse clinical outcome during follow-up. •MINOCA is a challenging working diagnosis.•A new standard definition of MINOCA has recently been proposed.•MINOCA patients with MCAD affecting 3 vessels and/or the LMS have a guarded prognosis.•MINOCA patients with increased CRP levels may require more aggressive treatment.•Systematic assessment of both number of coronary vessels showing MCAD and CRP levels may improve prognostic scores in MINOCA patients.</abstract><cop>Netherlands</cop><pub>Elsevier B.V</pub><pmid>29957262</pmid><doi>10.1016/j.ijcard.2018.03.092</doi><tpages>5</tpages><orcidid>https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7531-6286</orcidid><orcidid>https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5394-1312</orcidid><orcidid>https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0026-7154</orcidid><orcidid>https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9463-5055</orcidid><orcidid>https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0027-009X</orcidid><oa>free_for_read</oa></addata></record>
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subjects Acute coronary syndrome
Acute myocardial infarction
Aged
Biomarkers - analysis
C-reactive protein
C-Reactive Protein - analysis
Cause of Death
Coronary Angiography - methods
Coronary Artery Disease - complications
Coronary Artery Disease - diagnosis
Coronary Artery Disease - physiopathology
Coronary Occlusion - diagnosis
Coronary Occlusion - diagnostic imaging
Coronary Vessels - diagnostic imaging
Female
Follow-Up Studies
Heart Failure - epidemiology
Heart Failure - etiology
Humans
Italy - epidemiology
Long Term Adverse Effects - epidemiology
Long Term Adverse Effects - etiology
Male
Middle Aged
MINOCA
Myocardial Infarction - diagnosis
Myocardial Infarction - etiology
Myocardial Infarction - mortality
Outcome Assessment (Health Care)
Predictive Value of Tests
Prognosis
Risk Factors
Severity of Illness Index
Stroke - epidemiology
Stroke - etiology
Survival Analysis
title Predictors of poor clinical outcomes in patients with acute myocardial infarction and non-obstructed coronary arteries (MINOCA)
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