BRAIN LOCALIZATION OF MEMORY CHUNKS IN CHESSPLAYERS

Chess experts store domain-specific representations in their long-term memory; due to the activation of such representations, they perform with high accuracy in tasks that require the maintenance of previously seen information. Chunk-based theories of expertise (chunking theory: Chase & Simon, 1...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:International journal of neuroscience 2007-12, Vol.117 (12), p.1641-1659
Main Authors: CAMPITELLI, GUILLERMO, GOBET, FERNAND, HEAD, KAY, BUCKLEY, MARK, PARKER, AMANDA
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
Adolescent
Adult
Brain - blood supply
Brain - physiology
Brain Mapping
chess
chunk
expertise
Functional Laterality
Humans
Image Processing, Computer-Assisted - methods
long-term memory
Magnetic Resonance Imaging - methods
Male
Memory - physiology
Oxygen - blood
Pattern Recognition, Visual - physiology
Play and Playthings
recognition task
temporal lobe
Time Factors
working memory
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Summary:Chess experts store domain-specific representations in their long-term memory; due to the activation of such representations, they perform with high accuracy in tasks that require the maintenance of previously seen information. Chunk-based theories of expertise (chunking theory: Chase & Simon, 1973; template theory: Gobet & Simon, 1996) state that expertise is acquired mainly by the acquisition and storage in long-term memory of familiar chunks that allow quick recognition. This study tested some predictions of these theories by using fMRI while chessplayers performed a recognition memory task. These theories predict that chessplayers access long-term memory chunks of domain-specific information, which are presumably stored in the temporal lobes. It was also predicted that the recognition memory tasks would activate working memory areas in the frontal and parietal lobes. These predictions were supported by the data.
ISSN:0020-7454
1563-5279
1543-5245
DOI:10.1080/00207450601041955