Native mycetoma of Cote d'Ivoire: Epidemiological and etiological features of confirmed cases

• Published in: Journal de mycologie médicale 2009-06, Vol.19 (2), p.71-76
• Main Authors: Adoubryn, K D, Koffi, KE, Troh, E, Doukoure, B, Kouadio-Yapo, C G, Ouhon, J, Assoumou, A, Ferly-Therizol, M, Diomande, MIJ, Honde, M, Kone, M
• Format: Article
• Language: eng ; fre
• Subjects: Actinomadura madurae; Madurella mycetomatis; Nocardia brasiliensis; Pseudallescheria boydii; Scedosporium apiospermum
• ISSN: 1156-5233
• DOI: 10.1016/j.mycmed.2008.11.004

Objective - Mycetoma is a pathologic process in which exogenous causative agents, fungal or actinomycotic, generate grains. Rare and sporadic cases are observed outside the endemic area. The objective of this study was to present the epidemiology and causative agents of mycetoma cases confirmed at the hospital in Abidjan. Materials and methods - It is a retrospective study on investigations for mycetoma in Ivorians, over a 20-year period, at the pathology and mycology laboratories of Abidjan. Results - During the period, 149 examinations were performed with 58.4% of mycetoma diagnosed. Patients were from 7 to 69 years old and the sex ratio was 1.6. They originated from all parts of the country and the majority (90.8%) were farmers. Principal localizations were the inferior limb (49.9%) of which 33 were on the feet, the head and neck. Localization on other parts of the body than the limb represented 29.9% whereas for 27.6% of patients, the localization was not indicated. Causative agents implicated were fungi (52.9%) and actinomycetes (47.1%). Principal species identified were Madurella mycetomatis, Nocardia brasiliensis, Scedosporium apiospermum/Pseudallescheria boydii and Actinomadura madurae. Conclusion - Mycetoma is a pathology effective in Cote d'Ivoire. The results of this study give a partial idea of the prevalence, distribution and causative agents.Original Abstract: Objectif - Les mycetomes sont des processus pathologiques au cours desquels des agents etiologiques fongiques ou actinomycosiques d'origine exogene produisent des grains. Des cas rares et sporadiques sont signales de part et d'autre de la zone d'endemie. la presente etude a pour objectif de presenter les aspects epidemiologiques et etiologiques des cas diagnostiques en milieu hospitalier a Abidjan. Materiels et methodes - Il s'agit d'une etude retrospective et analytique, sur une periode de 20 ans, qui a porte sur les demandes de recherches de mycetomes effectuees exclusivement chez des ivoiriens dans les laboratoires d'anatomie pathologique des CHU d'Abidjan et dans le laboratoire de parasitologie-mycologie de la faculte de medecine. Resultats - Au cours de cette periode, 149 demandes ont ete enregistrees avec 58,4 % de confirmation diagnostique. Les sujets etaient ages de sept a 69 ans avec un sex-ratio de 1,6. Ils provenaient de toutes les regions du pays et la majorite (90,8 %) etait des agriculteurs. Les principales localisations etaient le membre inferieur (49,4 %) dont 33 aux pie