Worm expulsion of Gymnophalloides seoi from C57BL/6 mice: role of metacercarial exosomes in upregulating TLR2 and MUC2 expression in intestinal tissues

• Published in: Parasitology research (1987) 2018-10, Vol.117 (10), p.3309-3314
• Main Authors: Song, Hyemi, Jung, Bong-Kwang, Cho, Jaeeun, Chai, Jong-Yil
• Format: Article
• Language: English
• Subjects: Animals; Biomedical and Life Sciences; Biomedicine; Confocal microscopy; Control; Epithelial cells; Exosomes; Exosomes - genetics; Exosomes - metabolism; Flukes; Gene expression; Genetic aspects; Health aspects; Host-Parasite Interactions; Humans; Immunology; Innate immunity; Internalization; Intestinal Mucosa - metabolism; Intestine; Intestines; Intestines - parasitology; Medical Microbiology; Metacercariae - genetics; Metacercariae - growth & development; Metacercariae - metabolism; Mice; Mice, Inbred C57BL; Microbiology; mRNA; Mucin; Mucin-2 - genetics; Mucin-2 - metabolism; Mucins; Mucosal immunity; Organelles; Physiological aspects; Rodent Diseases - genetics; Rodent Diseases - metabolism; Rodent Diseases - parasitology; Rodent Diseases - physiopathology; Rodents; Short Communication; TLR2; TLR2 protein; Toll-Like Receptor 2 - genetics; Toll-Like Receptor 2 - metabolism; Toll-like receptors; Transcriptional Activation; Trematoda - genetics; Trematoda - growth & development; Trematoda - metabolism; Trematode Infections - genetics; Trematode Infections - metabolism; Trematode Infections - parasitology; Trematode Infections - veterinary; Ultracentrifugation; Up-Regulation
• ISSN: 0932-0113; 1432-1955
• DOI: 10.1007/s00436-018-6002-8

Gymnophalloides seoi worms were rapidly expelled from C57BL/6 mice within days 3–6 post-infection probably due to operation of mucosal innate immunity. To understand better the mucosal immunity related to worm expulsion from the host, we isolated exosomes of G . seoi metacercariae and investigated their role in induction of mRNA and protein expression of several Toll-like receptors and mucin-related factors in vitro. G. seoi -secreted exosomes were collected using differential ultracentrifugation, and cellular internalization of the exosomes into HT-29 intestinal epithelial cells was visualized by confocal microscopy. The expression of TLR2 and MUC2 in HT-29 cells was up-regulated in stimulation with the exosomes. We suggest that G. seoi -secreted exosomes offer a new point of view in the mechanism of worm expulsion from the host through enhancement of TLR2 and MUC2 expression.