Comparison of ELISA and LC-MS analyses for yessotoxins in blue mussels ( Mytilus edulis)

Blue mussels ( Mytilus edulis) collected from Flødevigen Bay, Norway, in 2001 and 2002 were analysed for yessotoxins (YTXs) by ELISA and yessotoxin (YTX), 45-hydroxyYTX, and carboxyYTX by LC-MS. Results from the two methods were compared to evaluate the ELISA. The response in the ELISA was 3–13 time...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:Toxicon (Oxford) 2005-07, Vol.46 (1), p.7-15
Main Authors: Samdal, Ingunn A., Aasen, John A.B., Briggs, Lyn R., Dahl, Einar, Miles, Christopher O.
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
45-Hydroxyyessotoxin
Animal poisons toxicology. Antivenoms
Animals
Biological and medical sciences
Bivalvia - chemistry
Bivalvia - physiology
Blue mussel
Carboxyyessotoxin
Chromatography, Liquid - methods
ELISA
Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay - methods
Ethers, Cyclic - analysis
Gonyaulax grindleyi
Hydroxycarboxyyessotoxin
Immunoassay
LC-MS
Marine
Mass Spectrometry - methods
Medical sciences
Metabolism
Molecular Structure
Mollusk Venoms - analysis
Mytilus edulis
Norway
Oxocins - analysis
Plant poisons toxicology
Polyclonal antibody
Protoceratium reticulatum
Seasons
Toxicology
Yessotoxin
YTX
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Summary:Blue mussels ( Mytilus edulis) collected from Flødevigen Bay, Norway, in 2001 and 2002 were analysed for yessotoxins (YTXs) by ELISA and yessotoxin (YTX), 45-hydroxyYTX, and carboxyYTX by LC-MS. Results from the two methods were compared to evaluate the ELISA. The response in the ELISA was 3–13 times higher than LC-MS, probably due to the antibodies binding to other YTX analogues not included in the LC-MS analysis. Nevertheless, the correlation between ELISA and LC-MS was good, with r 2 values≥0.8. The results indicate that the ELISA is a reliable method for estimating the total level of YTXs in mussels, and are consistent with extensive metabolism of algal YTXs in mussels. YTX was a minor component in the blue mussels at all times compared to 45-hydroxyYTX and especially carboxyYTX, except when the P. reticulatum bloom occurred. The results also indicate the presence of significant amounts of YTX analogues in addition to those measured by LC-MS. All samples below 4 mg/kg by ELISA were below the current EU regulatory limit of 1 mg/kg by LC-MS. Therefore, we propose using ELISA as a screening tool with a cut-off limit at 4 mg/kg for negative samples, whereas samples above this limit would be reanalyzed by LC-MS.
ISSN:0041-0101
1879-3150
DOI:10.1016/j.toxicon.2005.02.003