New measurement principle and basic performance of high-sensitivity turbidimeter with two optical systems in series

An outbreak of Cryptosporidium infection from tap water has triggered the implementation of stricter controls for the turbidity of filtered water in Japan. Accordingly, a growing number of water purification plants have begun to measure the number of particles, which is more closely correlated to th...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:Water research (Oxford) 2006-02, Vol.40 (4), p.683-691
Main Authors: Ebie, Kunio, Yamaguchi, Dabide, Hoshikawa, Hiroshi, Shirozu, Toru
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
analytical methods
Animals
Applied sciences
Cryptosporidium
Drinking water and swimming-pool water. Desalination
Environmental Monitoring - methods
equipment performance
Exact sciences and technology
Filtration
Forward-angle light scatter
Light obscuration
Nephelometry and Turbidimetry
new methods
optical equipment
Optics and Photonics
Particle counting
Particle Size
Particle size distribution
particles
Pollution
Reproducibility of Results
Sensitivity and Specificity
turbidimeters
Turbidity
water quality
Water Supply - standards
water treatment
Water treatment and pollution
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Summary:An outbreak of Cryptosporidium infection from tap water has triggered the implementation of stricter controls for the turbidity of filtered water in Japan. Accordingly, a growing number of water purification plants have begun to measure the number of particles, which is more closely correlated to this kind of protozoan than turbidity. With this background we have developed a high-sensitivity turbidimeter based on the particle counting method that supports both turbidity measurement and particle counting to realize a compact and low-cost monitoring system of filtered water. This paper explains the basic principles of the turbidimeter, which uses both forward-angle light scattering and light obscuration methods in series and determines the turbidity from particle counting by applying Mie's theory of light scattering. In basic experiments on turbidity standards such as kaolin solution and formazine solution, we verified that the turbidimeter could determine the particle counts and turbidity of filtered water with sufficient accuracy.
ISSN:0043-1354
1879-2448
DOI:10.1016/j.watres.2005.11.032