Interaction between stress, cytokines, and salivary cortisol in pregnant and non-pregnant women with gingivitis

• Published in: Clinical oral investigations 2021-04, Vol.25 (4), p.1677-1684
• Main Authors: Yarkac, Fatma Ucan, Gokturk, Ozge, Demir, Osman
• Format: Article
• Language: English
• Subjects: Adult; Cytokines; Cytokines - analysis; Dentistry; Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay; Female; Gingiva; Gingival Crevicular Fluid - chemistry; Gingivitis; Hormones; Humans; Hydrocortisone; Hygiene; Immune response; Inflammation; Interleukin 10; Interleukin 6; Medicine; Oral hygiene; Original Article; Periodontal diseases; Periodontics; Pregnancy; Saliva; Saliva - chemistry; Scaling; Social interactions; Young Adult
• ISSN: 1432-6981; 1436-3771
• DOI: 10.1007/s00784-018-2569-9

Objectives The aim of this study was to compare the effects of periodontal treatment on the inflammatory markers in gingival crevicular fluid and the concentration of salivary cortisol between non-pregnant and pregnant women with gingivitis. Materials and methods This study included 30 non-pregnant women (mean age 27.93 ± 6.61 years) and 30 pregnant women (mean age 28.93 ± 4.04 years). Each participant presented with the clinical symptoms of generalized, moderate-to-severe gingivitis. Saliva samples were collected by using the spitting method, and gingival crevicular fluid (GCF) samples were collected by using the intrasulcular method at baseline and after 3 weeks. Non-surgical periodontal treatment (NPT) comprising scaling and oral hygiene instruction was administered after sample collection. The interleukin-6 and interleukin-10 levels in GCF and salivary cortisol concentrations were determined with using enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. Results The pregnant women exhibited significantly deeper pockets ( p