Calcium–Polystyrene Sulfonate Decreases Inter‐Dialytic Hyperkalemia in Patients Undergoing Maintenance Hemodialysis: A Prospective, Randomized, Crossover Study

• Published in: Therapeutic apheresis and dialysis 2018-12, Vol.22 (6), p.609-616
• Main Authors: Wang, Jing, Lv, Meng‐Meng, Zach, Odeh, Wang, Ling‐Yu, Zhou, Meng‐Ying, Song, Gui‐Rong, Zhang, Xu, Lin, Hong‐Li
• Format: Article
• Language: English
• Subjects: Calcium–polystyrene sulfonate; Chelating Agents - pharmacology; China; Cross-Over Studies; Female; Follow-Up Studies; Hemodialysis; Humans; Hyperkalemia - etiology; Hyperkalemia - prevention & control; Interdialytic hyperkalemia; Male; Middle Aged; Polystyrenes - pharmacology; Prospective Studies; Renal Dialysis - adverse effects
• ISSN: 1744-9979; 1744-9987
• DOI: 10.1111/1744-9987.12723

Hyperkalemia is a life‐threatening emergency in maintenance hemodialysis (MHD) patients. This clinical trial investigated the efficacy and safety of calcium–polystyrene sulfonate (Ca‐PS) in MHD patients with interdialytic hyperkalemia. A total of 58 hemodialysis patients with hyperkalemia (≥5.5 mol/L) were selected and administered either a 3‐week Ca‐PS (3 × 5 g/day) or a blank control following the model of a prospective, randomized, crossover clinical trial with a 1‐week washout period. All patients were followed up for another 3 weeks for safety evaluations. The primary outcome was the magnitude of the change in serum potassium levels. The secondary outcomes were electrocardiography (ECG) changes and treatment safety (volume overload, electrolyte imbalance). Compared with the control group, Ca‐PS treatment significantly reduced serum potassium levels (P