Development of Near-Isogenic Peanut Lines with and without Resistance to the Peanut Root-Knot Nematode

• Published in: Crop science 2008-01, Vol.48 (1), p.194-198
• Main Authors: Holbrook, C.C, Timper, P, Dong, W, Kvien, C.K, Culbreath, A.K
• Format: Article
• Language: English
• Subjects: Agronomy. Soil science and plant productions; Arachis hypogaea; artificial selection; Biological and medical sciences; Crop diseases; crop yield; Cultivars; Disease; disease resistance; Fundamental and applied biological sciences. Psychology; genetic resistance; Genetics; Genetics and breeding of economic plants; genotype; Immunization; isogenic lines; Legumes; Lycopersicon esculentum; Meloidogyne arenaria; Nematoda; Nematodes; Pathogens; Peanuts; pest resistance; plant breeding; plant diseases and disorders; root-knot nematodes; selection criteria; Tomato spotted wilt virus; Tomatoes; Tospovirus; Varietal selection. Specialized plant breeding, plant breeding aims
• ISSN: 0011-183X; 1435-0653
• DOI: 10.2135/cropsci2007.06.0313

Peanut (Arachis hypogaea L.) cultivars are available that have high resistance to the peanut root-knot nematode [Meloidogyne arenaria (Neal) Chitwood race 1] or tomato spotted wilt, caused by tomato spotted wilt Tospovirus (TSWV); however, no cultivars exist that have resistance to both pathogens. The objective of this research was to combine resistance to both pathogens in a single genotype. During the course of this research, we also had the opportunity to develop near-isogenic lines with and without nematode resistance. Such near-isogenic lines can be valuable research tools to obtain a better understanding of the interaction of nematodes with other pathogens of peanut. Breeding populations were developed by hybridizing the TSWV-resistant cultivar C-99R with the nematode-resistant cultivar COAN. Selection for nematode resistance was conducted using standard greenhouse screening techniques. Selection for TSWV resistance was conducted in the field with natural virus infection. A breeding line (C724-19-15) was selected that had high resistance to both pathogens. A near-isogenic line (C724-19-25) susceptible to the peanut root-knot nematode was also developed. Both breeding lines exhibited higher resistance to TSWV and higher yield than standard check cultivars when grown in fields with little or no nematode pressure.