Platinum-induced muscle wasting in cancer chemotherapy: Mechanisms and potential targets for therapeutic intervention

Platinum-based drugs are among the most effective anticancer therapies, integrating the standard of care for numerous human malignancies. However, platinum-based chemotherapy induces severe side-effects in cancer patients, such as cachexia. Weight loss, as well as fatigue and systemic inflammation a...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:Life sciences (1973) 2018-09, Vol.208, p.1-9
Main Authors: Moreira-Pais, Alexandra, Ferreira, Rita, Gil da Costa, Rui
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
Animals
Anticancer properties
Antineoplastic Agents - adverse effects
Cachexia
Cachexia - chemically induced
Cachexia - prevention & control
Cancer
Chemical compounds
Chemotherapy
Cisplatin
Cytokines
Drugs
Fatigue
Humans
Inflammation
Molecular modelling
Muscle wasting
Muscle, Skeletal - drug effects
Muscles
Muscular system
Myostatin
Neoplasms - drug therapy
NF-κB
Patients
Pharmacology
Platinum
Platinum - adverse effects
Quality of Life
Side effects
Signal transduction
Skeletal muscle
Weight loss
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Summary:Platinum-based drugs are among the most effective anticancer therapies, integrating the standard of care for numerous human malignancies. However, platinum-based chemotherapy induces severe side-effects in cancer patients, such as cachexia. Weight loss, as well as fatigue and systemic inflammation are characteristics of this syndrome that adversely affects the survival and the quality of life of cancer patients. The signalling pathways involved in chemotherapy-induced cachexia are still to be fully understood, but the activity of several mediators associated with muscle wasting, such as myostatin and pro-inflammatory cytokines are increased by platinum-based drugs like cisplatin. Indeed, the molecular mechanisms behind chemotherapy-induced muscle wasting seem to be similar to the ones promoted by cancer in treatment-naive patients. Although some therapeutic agents are under investigation for treating muscle wasting in cancer patients, no effective treatment is yet available. Herein, we review the molecular mechanisms proposed to be involved in chemotherapy-related muscle wasting with a focus on the typical platinum-based drug cisplatin. Therapeutic strategies presently under investigation are also reviewed, providing an overview of the current efforts to preserve muscle mass and quality of life among cancer patients. [Display omitted]
ISSN:0024-3205
1879-0631
DOI:10.1016/j.lfs.2018.07.010