Occurrence of 1,4-dioxane and MTBE in drinking water sources in Japan

Nationwide surveys of 1,4-dioxane and methyl-t-butyl ether (MTBE) levels in raw water used for the drinking water supply were conducted at 91 water treatment plants in Japan in 2001 and 2002, prior to the revision of the drinking water quality standards. 1,4-dioxane was widely and continuously detec...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:Water science & technology. Water supply 2006-01, Vol.6 (2), p.47-53
Main Authors: Simazaki, D, Asami, M, Nishimura, T, Kunikane, S, Aizawa, T, Magara, Y
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
Cancer
Drinking water
Groundwater
Health risks
MTBE
Quality standards
Raw water
Surface water
Surface-groundwater relations
Surveys
Trace levels
Water analysis
Water quality
Water quality standards
Water sampling
Water supply
Water treatment
Water treatment plants
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Summary:Nationwide surveys of 1,4-dioxane and methyl-t-butyl ether (MTBE) levels in raw water used for the drinking water supply were conducted at 91 water treatment plants in Japan in 2001 and 2002, prior to the revision of the drinking water quality standards. 1,4-dioxane was widely and continuously detected in raw water samples and its occurrence was more frequent and its concentrations higher in groundwater than in surface water. However, its maximum concentration in raw water was much lower than its new standard value (50 μg/L), which was determined as a level of 10−5 excessive cancer risk to humans. Trace levels of MTBE were also detected in several surface water samples.
ISSN:1606-9749
1607-0798
DOI:10.2166/ws.2006.049