Dielectric properties of bones for the monitoring of osteoporosis

Osteoporosis is one of the most common diseases that leads to bone fractures. Dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry is currently employed to measure the bone mineral density and to diagnose osteoporosis. Alternatively, the dielectric properties of bones are found to be influenced by bone mineral density;...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:Medical & biological engineering & computing 2019-01, Vol.57 (1), p.1-13
Main Authors: Amin, Bilal, Elahi, Muhammad Adnan, Shahzad, Atif, Porter, Emily, McDermott, Barry, O’Halloran, Martin
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
Biocompatibility
Biomedical and Life Sciences
Biomedical Engineering and Bioengineering
Biomedical materials
Biomedicine
Bone density
Bone imaging
Bone mineral density
Bones
Computer Applications
Dielectric properties
Dual energy X-ray absorptiometry
Electrical properties
Fractures
Human Physiology
Imaging
Monitoring
Osteoporosis
Radiology
Review Article
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Summary:Osteoporosis is one of the most common diseases that leads to bone fractures. Dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry is currently employed to measure the bone mineral density and to diagnose osteoporosis. Alternatively, the dielectric properties of bones are found to be influenced by bone mineral density; hence, dielectric properties of bones may potentially be used to diagnose osteoporosis. Microwave tomographic imaging is currently in development to potentially measure in vivo dielectric properties of bone. Therefore, the foci of this work are to summarize all available dielectric data of bone in the microwave frequency range and to analyze the confounders that may have resulted in variations in reported data. This study also compares the relationship between the dielectric properties and bone quality reported across different studies. The review suggests that variations exist in the dielectric properties of bone and the relationship between bone volume fraction and dielectric properties is in agreement across all studies. Conversely, the evidence of a relationship between bone mineral density and dielectric properties is inconsistent across the studies. This summary of dielectric data of bone along with a comparison of the relationship between the dielectric properties and bone quality will accelerate the development of microwave tomographic imaging devices for the monitoring of osteoporosis. Graphical abstract ᅟ
ISSN:0140-0118
1741-0444
DOI:10.1007/s11517-018-1887-z