What exposures in early life are risk factors for childhood obesity?

Globally, estimates show that 41 million children younger than 5 years of age are affected by overweight and obesity. In many regions of the world, these prevalence rates have increased dramatically, especially in low‐ and middle‐income countries, making childhood obesity a global policy issue. Rece...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:Journal of paediatrics and child health 2018-12, Vol.54 (12), p.1294-1298
Main Authors: Mihrshahi, Seema, Baur, Louise A
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
Babies
Breastfeeding & lactation
child
Child care
Child, Preschool
Childhood
Childrens health
Diet
Environmental Exposure
Exercise
Gestational diabetes
Health behavior
Health risk assessment
Humans
infant
Obesity
Overweight
Parent-Child Relations
Parents & parenting
Pediatric Obesity - etiology
Preschool children
Risk Factors
Weight control
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Summary:Globally, estimates show that 41 million children younger than 5 years of age are affected by overweight and obesity. In many regions of the world, these prevalence rates have increased dramatically, especially in low‐ and middle‐income countries, making childhood obesity a global policy issue. Recent data show that many children are already affected by overweight or obesity by the time they start school; hence, the examination of early exposures, with interventions around these exposures, is warranted. In this review, we outline the main modifiable exposures in early life that can lead to an increased risk of obesity. These exposures can be broadly categorised into parental factors such as obesity and gestational diabetes; dietary exposures in early life, including breastfeeding and complementary feeding and feeding behaviours; physical activity, sedentary behaviours and sleep; and environmental exposures such as maternal exposure to tobacco. We also identify research gaps and opportunities for further research.
ISSN:1034-4810
1440-1754
DOI:10.1111/jpc.14195