Antioxidative potential of antidiabetic agents: A possible protective mechanism against vascular complications in diabetic patients

• Published in: Journal of cellular physiology 2019-03, Vol.234 (3), p.2436-2446
• Main Authors: Yaribeygi, Habib, Butler, Alexandra E., Barreto, George E., Sahebkar, Amirhossein
• Format: Article
• Language: English
• Subjects: antidiabetic medications; Antidiabetics; Antioxidants; Antioxidants - metabolism; Antioxidants - therapeutic use; Blood Glucose - drug effects; Cardiovascular Diseases - drug therapy; Cardiovascular Diseases - metabolism; Cardiovascular Diseases - pathology; Diabetes; Diabetes mellitus; Diabetes Mellitus - drug therapy; Diabetes Mellitus - metabolism; Diabetes Mellitus - pathology; Diabetic Angiopathies - drug therapy; Diabetic Angiopathies - metabolism; Diabetic Angiopathies - pathology; Diabetic nephropathy; diabetic nephropathy (DN); Glucose; Humans; Hypoglycemic Agents - metabolism; Hypoglycemic Agents - therapeutic use; Oxidative stress; Oxidative Stress - drug effects; Quality of Life; vascular dysfunction
• ISSN: 0021-9541; 1097-4652
• DOI: 10.1002/jcp.27278

Many vascular complications are related to exposure of tissues to elevated levels of glucose, a condition that promotes oxidative stress. The primary goal of antidiabetic medication is for normalization of blood glucose. However, antidiabetic medications may have antioxidant effects that go beyond their hypoglycemic influences. Therefore, antidiabetic drugs may be doubly beneficial in preventing diabetic complications. Vascular dysfunction due to uncontrolled diabetes is a serious complication of the disease and one which has a severe impact on quality of life. Readjustment of the oxidative balance in subjects with diabetes, and the positive effects thereof is a topic of intense interest at present. In the current review, we highlight the antioxidant effects of antidiabetic medications which may prevent or delay the onset of vascular dysfunction. Many vascular complications are related to exposure of tissues to elevated levels of glucose, a condition that promotes oxidative stress. The primary goal of antidiabetic medication is for normalization of blood glucose. However, antidiabetic medications may have antioxidant effects that go beyond their hypoglycemic influences. Therefore, antidiabetic drugs may be doubly beneficial in preventing diabetic complications. Vascular dysfunction due to uncontrolled diabetes is a serious complication of the disease and one which has a severe impact on quality of life. Readjustment of the oxidative balance in subjects with diabetes, and the positive effects thereof is a topic of intense interest at present. In the current review, we highlight the antioxidant effects of antidiabetic medications which may prevent or delay the onset of vascular dysfunction.