RHYNCHONELLIFORMEAN BRACHIOPODS WITH SOFT‐TISSUE PRESERVATION FROM THE EARLY CAMBRIAN CHENGJIANG LAGERSTÄTTE OF SOUTH CHINA

:  Cosmopolitan kutorginates, the most abundant Early Cambrian rhynchonelliformean brachiopods, became extinct at the end of the Middle Cambrian. Consequently, any information concerning the anatomy of this peculiar lineage of brachiopods has great phylogenetic significance with regard to their exta...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:Palaeontology 2007-11, Vol.50 (6), p.1391-1402
Main Authors: ZHANG, ZHIFEI, SHU, DEGAN, EMIG, CHRISTIAN, ZHANG, XINGLIANG, HAN, JIAN, LIU, JIANNI, LI, YONG, GUO, JUNFENG
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
Aquatic life
Brachiopoda
Chengjiang Lagerstätte
digestive tract
Early Cambrian
Fossils
Invertebrates
lophophore
Marine
Paleontology
pedicle
Prehistoric era
soft‐tissue preservation
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Summary::  Cosmopolitan kutorginates, the most abundant Early Cambrian rhynchonelliformean brachiopods, became extinct at the end of the Middle Cambrian. Consequently, any information concerning the anatomy of this peculiar lineage of brachiopods has great phylogenetic significance with regard to their extant relatives for analogies with the stem‐group clade. Such data have been supplied from fossils of which the soft parts have been preserved in exceptional detail. A new brachiopod, Kutorgina chengjiangensis sp. nov., from the Early Cambrian Chengjiang Lagerstätte of southern China, is described here. It is the first articulated brachiopod species collected from this deposit. The specimens preserve a set of soft‐body parts, i.e. lophophore, digestive tract and pedicle, all previously poorly known in almost all Palaeozoic calcareous brachiopod taxa. The lophophore attains an early spirolophe stage, clearly homologous to that in the coeval lingulids. The digestive tract consists of a mouth, oesophagus, swollen stomach, intestine and a terminal anus. The pedicle protruding between the valves is stout and elongate, with annulated lamellae on the surface, and contains a putative cœlomic cavity. K. chengjiangensis displays the characteristics of the stem group of calcareous brachiopods, and illustrates anatomical similarities between Cambrian phosphatic‐ and calcareous‐shelled brachiopods, thus corroborating that the Brachiopoda are a monophyletic group.
ISSN:0031-0239
1475-4983
DOI:10.1111/j.1475-4983.2007.00725.x