Screening for morbidly adherent placenta in early pregnancy

• Published in: Ultrasound in obstetrics & gynecology 2019-01, Vol.53 (1), p.101-106
• Main Authors: Panaiotova, J., Tokunaka, M., Krajewska, K., Zosmer, N., Nicolaides, K. H.
• Format: Article
• Language: English
• Subjects: Bladder; Blood flow; Cesarean section; Diagnostic systems; first trimester; Gestation; Health risk assessment; Medical diagnosis; morbidly adherent placenta; Myometrium; Placenta; placenta accreta; Pregnancy; prenatal diagnosis; Screening; Surgery; Ultrasonic imaging; Ultrasound; ultrasound screening; Uterus; Vascularization
• ISSN: 0960-7692; 1469-0705
• DOI: 10.1002/uog.20104

ABSTRACT Objective To estimate the diagnostic accuracy of a two‐stage strategy for early prediction of morbidly adherent placenta (MAP). In the first stage, at 11–13 weeks' gestation, women with low‐lying placenta and history of uterine surgery are classified as being at high risk for MAP and, in the second stage, at 12–16 weeks, these high‐risk pregnancies are assessed at a specialist MAP clinic. Methods This was a prospective study in women having an ultrasound scan at 11–13 weeks' gestation as a part of routine pregnancy care. Women with low‐lying placenta and a history of uterine surgery were followed up at a specialist MAP clinic at 12–16 weeks' gestation, 20–24 weeks and 28–34 weeks. At each visit to the MAP clinic, an ultrasound scan was carried out and the following features suggestive of MAP were recorded: non‐visible Cesarean section scar; bladder wall interruption; thin retroplacental myometrium; presence of intraplacental lacunar spaces; presence of retroplacental arterial‐trophoblastic blood flow; and irregular placental vascularization demonstrated by three‐dimensional power Doppler. Results Screening at 11–13 weeks was carried out in 22 604 singleton pregnancies, 1298 (6%) of which were considered to be at high risk of MAP because they had previous uterine surgery and low‐lying placenta. At the MAP clinic at 12–16 weeks, the diagnosis of MAP was suspected in 14 cases and this was confirmed at delivery in 13. In the rest of the population, there were no cases of MAP. Conclusion Accurate prediction of MAP can be achieved by ultrasound examination at 12–16 weeks' gestation. Copyright © 2018 ISUOG. Published by John Wiley & Sons Ltd.