Induction of DNA Strand Breaks in Peripheral Lymphocytes by Soluble Chromium Compounds

1 Incubation of human lymphocytes with sodium dichromate (CrVI) at 37°C for 3 h resulted in a dose-dependent increase in DNA strand breaks without concurrent cytotoxicity. In contrast, chromium acetate hydroxide (CrIII) failed to induce DNA strand breaks at sub-cytotoxic concentrations. 2 DNA strand...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:Human & experimental toxicology 1992-03, Vol.11 (2), p.77-82
Main Authors: Gao, M., Binks, S.P., Chipman, J.K., Levy, L.S., Braithwaite, R.A., Brown, S.S.
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
Animals
Chromates - toxicity
DNA Damage
Dose-Response Relationship, Drug
Female
Humans
In Vitro Techniques
Lymphocytes - drug effects
Male
Rats
Rats, Inbred Strains
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Summary:1 Incubation of human lymphocytes with sodium dichromate (CrVI) at 37°C for 3 h resulted in a dose-dependent increase in DNA strand breaks without concurrent cytotoxicity. In contrast, chromium acetate hydroxide (CrIII) failed to induce DNA strand breaks at sub-cytotoxic concentrations. 2 DNA strand breaks were also detected in the peripheral lymphocytes of Wistar rats, 24 h after intratracheal instillation of sodium dichromate (1.3 and 2.5 mg kg-1 ). Instillation of chromium acetate hydroxide (up to 21.8 mg kg -1) failed to induce DNA strand breaks in peripheral lymphocytes. In accord with previous studies, hexavalent chromium was found to be more readily absorbed from the lungs into the peripheral blood than chromium in its trivalent form. 3 The results of this study indicate that fluorometric analysis of DNA unwinding (FADU) in peripheral lymphocytes might be a convenient method of measuring an important biological effect of chromium in occupationally-exposed workers.
ISSN:0960-3271
1477-0903
DOI:10.1177/096032719201100203