Influence of Epigenetics on Bioprocessing

Epigenetic modifications, such as DNA methylation, chromatin modification through histone post-translational modification, and RNA interference, can have a great impact on industrial mammalian cell cultures. For example, epigenetic factors influence several aspects of Chinese hamster ovary (CHO) str...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:Chemical engineering progress 2018-09, Vol.114 (9), p.72-76
Main Author: Blenner, Mark A
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
Artificial chromosomes
Biodiesel fuels
Bioprocessing
Biotechnology
Cell culture
Cellulase
Chemical engineering
Cloning
Cytomegalovirus
Deoxyribonucleic acid
Dihydrofolate reductase
DNA
DNA methylation
Engineering
Enzymes
Epigenetics
Fungi
Gene expression
Genomes
Immunoglobulins
Mammals
Medical research
Metabolism
Metabolites
Monoclonal antibodies
Noise
Product quality
Productivity
Protein expression
Proteins
Ribonucleic acid
RNA
Stability
Stem cells
Studies
Yeast
Yeasts
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Summary:Epigenetic modifications, such as DNA methylation, chromatin modification through histone post-translational modification, and RNA interference, can have a great impact on industrial mammalian cell cultures. For example, epigenetic factors influence several aspects of Chinese hamster ovary (CHO) strain development and scaleup. CHO cell cultures are used to produce over 70% of biopharmaceuticals, including monoclonal antibodies and other therapeutics. In CHO cell lines, integration site(s) of a monoclonal antibody gene and the method used to select for monoclonal antibody gene integration both affect long-term productivity loss during serial passages. Epigenetics is also a factor in controlling the activation of secondary metabolite products in fungal and yeast cells. This article highlights the major modes of epigenetic-based regulation as they relate to mammalian cell culture instability and the influence of epigenetics on bioproduction in fungal and yeast systems. It also covers recent advances in engineering that enable control of the epigenetic state at a particular genomic location.
ISSN:0360-7275
1945-0710