Seroprevalence of Bluetongue virus in small and large ruminants in Punjab province, Pakistan

Bluetongue (BT) is a vector-borne disease of immense economic importance for small and large ruminants. Despite frequent disease reports from neighboring countries, a little is known about current disease status and prevalent serotypes in Pakistan. We screened a total of 1312 healthy animals for gro...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:Acta tropica 2019-01, Vol.189, p.22-29
Main Authors: Sohail, Tayyebah, Yaqub, Tahir, Abbas, Tariq, Rabbani, Masood, Nazir, Jawad, Maqbool, Syeda Marriam, Yaqub, Saima, Habib, Momena, ul-Rahman, Aziz, Mukhtar, Nadia, Shahbaz, Muhammad, Zahoor, Muhammad Yasir, Shabbir, Muhammad Zubair
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
Animals
Antibodies, Viral - blood
Bluetongue
Bluetongue - epidemiology
Bluetongue virus
Bluetongue virus - genetics
Bluetongue virus - immunology
Buffaloes
Cattle
Cattle Diseases - epidemiology
Female
Goat Diseases - epidemiology
Goats
Large ruminants
Male
Pakistan
Pakistan - epidemiology
Prevalence
Punjab
Seroepidemiologic Studies
Serogroup
Serotype
Sheep
Small ruminants
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Summary:Bluetongue (BT) is a vector-borne disease of immense economic importance for small and large ruminants. Despite frequent disease reports from neighboring countries, a little is known about current disease status and prevalent serotypes in Pakistan. We screened a total of 1312 healthy animals for group-specific antibodies and serotype-specific genome for BT virus through competitive ELISA and real-time PCR, respectively. An overall prevalence of group-specific VP7 antibodies [28.81% (n = 378/1312, 95% CI = 26.4–31.4)] was observed. The prevalence was higher in goats [40.75% (n = 194/476, 95% CI = 36.4–45.3)] followed by buffalo [29.34% (n = 81/276, 95% CI = 24.3–34.9)], sheep [18.40% (n = 60/326, 95% CI = 14.5–22.9)] and cattle [17.94% (n = 42/234, 95% CI = 13.56–23.4)]. The odds of seropositivity were more in buffalo of Nili breed (OR = 2.06, 95% CI = 1.19–3.58) as well as those found with a presence of vector (OR = 2.04, 95% CI = 1.16–3.59). Buffalo and cattle with history of abortion [(OR = 3.95, 95% CI = 1.33–11.69) and (OR = 5.89, 95% CI = 1.80–19.27) respectively] were much likely to be infected with the disease. Serotype 8 was detected in all animal species while, serotypes 4 and 6 were detected in sheep, 2, 6 and 11 in goat, and 2 and 16 in buffalo. The study concludes a much frequent exposure of different serotypes of Bluetongue virus (BTV) in small and large ruminants and indicates its expansion to enzootic range worldwide.
ISSN:0001-706X
1873-6254
DOI:10.1016/j.actatropica.2018.09.020