Losartan reverses impaired osseointegration in spontaneously hypertensive rats

Objective Hypertension is not only associated with cardiovascular diseases but also with alterations in bone quality. Hypertension therefore might be a risk factor for osseointegration. Preclinical studies suggest that losartan, an angiotensin II receptor blocker widely used to treat hypertension, h...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:Clinical oral implants research 2018-11, Vol.29 (11), p.1126-1134
Main Authors: Mulinari-Santos, Gabriel, Souza Batista, Fábio Roberto, Kirchweger, Franziska, Tangl, Stefan, Gruber, Reinhard, Okamoto, Roberta
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
Angiotensin
Angiotensin II
bone
Bone growth
Cardiovascular diseases
Computed tomography
Dentistry
Heart diseases
Hypertension
Immunosuppressive agents
Implantation
losartan
Medullary bone
Osseointegration
Osteogenesis
Parameters
Rats
renin‐angiotensin system
Risk analysis
Risk factors
Rodents
spontaneously hypertensive rats
Stability analysis
Tibia
Tomography
Torque
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Summary:Objective Hypertension is not only associated with cardiovascular diseases but also with alterations in bone quality. Hypertension therefore might be a risk factor for osseointegration. Preclinical studies suggest that losartan, an angiotensin II receptor blocker widely used to treat hypertension, has a beneficial effect in graft consolidation. Here, we determine the effect of hypertension and losartan on osseointegration. Methods We used spontaneously hypertensive rats (SHR) and normotensive Wistar albinus rats receiving losartan (30 mg/kg, p.o.) or left untreated. After 1 week, titanium miniscrews were inserted into the tibia. Sixty days after implantation, implant stability was evaluated by removal torque measurement considered the primary endpoint. Microcomputed tomography and histomorphometric analysis were secondary endpoints. Results Losartan increased the removal torque in the hypertensive SHR group to levels of the Wistar controls. While the cortical parameters of osseointegration remained unchanged, losartan increased medullary bone formation. Microcomputed tomography revealed a higher bone volume per tissue volume and trabecular thickness in the SHR rats treated with losartan. Histomorphometric analysis further showed that losartan significantly increased the thickness of newly formed bone in medullary area in hypertensive SHR rats. Losartan did not significantly alter the parameters of osseointegration in normotensive rats. Conclusions The data presented suggest that the angiotensin II receptor antagonist losartan increases the medullary parameters of osseointegration in a tibia model of spontaneously hypertensive rats. Considering the study limitations, understanding the impact of hypertension and the respective drugs on osseointegration requires further research.
ISSN:0905-7161
1600-0501
DOI:10.1111/clr.13376